Chapter 8, Lesson 2 The Home Front Mister Julian’s 5th Grade Class

Essential Question  How did World War II affect the United States economy?

Places  Los Alamos, New Mexico

People  Benjamin O. Davis Jr.  Albert Einstein  Benjamin O. Davis Jr.  Albert Einstein

Vocabulary  Rationing  Tuskegee Airmen  Atomic Bomb  Manhattan Project  Rationing  Tuskegee Airmen  Atomic Bomb  Manhattan Project

The Depression Ends  The country answered the presidents call when he asked factories to produce war goods to defeat the Axis.  All of the production had an important effect. Factories had to expand to produce all the military equipment needed.  As a result the Great Depression came to an end.  The country answered the presidents call when he asked factories to produce war goods to defeat the Axis.  All of the production had an important effect. Factories had to expand to produce all the military equipment needed.  As a result the Great Depression came to an end.

New Jobs for Women  When World War II began, 350,000 women served in the military as nurses, airplane pilots, radio operators, and mechanics.  Millions more took over the jobs the men left behind in factories, farms, and other areas.  There was even an all Girls Baseball League during the war.  When World War II began, 350,000 women served in the military as nurses, airplane pilots, radio operators, and mechanics.  Millions more took over the jobs the men left behind in factories, farms, and other areas.  There was even an all Girls Baseball League during the war.

“Do Your Part”  Americans were encouraged to “Do Your Part” during the war.  Children organized “Scrap drives” collecting cans and old pots.  With millions of soldiers to feed there were food shortages.  People were called to ration their food, gas, and tires.  Americans were encouraged to “Do Your Part” during the war.  Children organized “Scrap drives” collecting cans and old pots.  With millions of soldiers to feed there were food shortages.  People were called to ration their food, gas, and tires.

“Do Your Part”  Everyone got a certain amount of stamps for meat, dairy, canned veggies, coffee, and even gas.  If you wanted to buy that item you had to give the store a stamp. When you ran out of stamps you could not buy that product.  Everyone got a certain amount of stamps for meat, dairy, canned veggies, coffee, and even gas.  If you wanted to buy that item you had to give the store a stamp. When you ran out of stamps you could not buy that product.

New Opportunities  With many more job openings in factories in the north this gave African Americans new opportunities.  Discrimination kept many from these jobs before the war.  The military also segregated black and white soldiers.  With many more job openings in factories in the north this gave African Americans new opportunities.  Discrimination kept many from these jobs before the war.  The military also segregated black and white soldiers.

New Opportunities  Some African Americans wanted to serve their country like Benjamin O. Davis Jr.  Davis and 12 others started the first fighter pilot training for blacks in Tuskegee Alabama. They became known as the Tuskegee Airmen.  They served proudly over North Africa and Europe.  Some African Americans wanted to serve their country like Benjamin O. Davis Jr.  Davis and 12 others started the first fighter pilot training for blacks in Tuskegee Alabama. They became known as the Tuskegee Airmen.  They served proudly over North Africa and Europe.

Japanese Americans  After Pearl Harbor, Japanese Americans were distrusted by many.  In February 1942, Presidential Order # 9066 allowed the military to relocate anyone seen as a threat to internment camps.  By the summer, more than 110,000 were living in these camps.  After Pearl Harbor, Japanese Americans were distrusted by many.  In February 1942, Presidential Order # 9066 allowed the military to relocate anyone seen as a threat to internment camps.  By the summer, more than 110,000 were living in these camps.

Technology and War  The war had both sides developing new technologies to help their side.  Albert Einstein, a German Jew, came to the U.S. after Hitler took power.  He believed that an Atomic Bomb could be made and he felt that Germany was likely working on one as well.  The war had both sides developing new technologies to help their side.  Albert Einstein, a German Jew, came to the U.S. after Hitler took power.  He believed that an Atomic Bomb could be made and he felt that Germany was likely working on one as well.

Technology and War  In 1942, the U.S. started the Manhattan Project, the code name for the atomic bomb.  The secret lab was located in Los Alamos, New Mexico.  By 1945, the atomic bomb was complete.  In 1942, the U.S. started the Manhattan Project, the code name for the atomic bomb.  The secret lab was located in Los Alamos, New Mexico.  By 1945, the atomic bomb was complete.

Technology and War  Scientists and mathematicians worked to develop secret codes to communicate.  They also worked on breaking the other sides codes.  The U.S. used the Navajo language, which was never broken.  Scientists and mathematicians worked to develop secret codes to communicate.  They also worked on breaking the other sides codes.  The U.S. used the Navajo language, which was never broken.

TimeLine  More than 100, 00 Japanese Americans were removed from their homes on the West Coast.  The United States government began the Manhattan Project, a secret effort to build an atomic bomb.  Millions of American women worked in the countries weapons factories.  More than 100, 00 Japanese Americans were removed from their homes on the West Coast.  The United States government began the Manhattan Project, a secret effort to build an atomic bomb.  Millions of American women worked in the countries weapons factories.

Written Response  How did World War II affect the American economy?