Ellis Island & other ports of entry throughout the history of the US.

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Presentation transcript:

Ellis Island & other ports of entry throughout the history of the US

American Immigration The Early Days – Early Colonial Period to 1820 – Colonies or States – About 1 million immigrants Federal Immigration Records – Customs passenger lists – Immigration passenger lists after that date – Peak in 1907 with 1.3 million immigrants

Immigration:

Ports of Entry New York – more immigrants than all other ports combined Boston Baltimore Philadelphia New Orleans San Francisco

New York Established by Dutch in 1625 Erie Canal opened in 1825, providing a cheap and fast route to western interior 24 million arrivals in New York between 1820 and 1920

Boston Founded in 1630 Leading port in North America until 1750 Replaced in popularity by Philadelphia, Baltimore, and New Orleans Major influx of immigrants in mid-nineteenth century triggered by potato famine Received about 2 million people between 1820 and 1920

Philadelphia Founded in 1682 Briefly replaced Boston as leading port of immigration About 1.2 million immigrants came through Philadelphia between 1820 and 1920

New Orleans Founded by French in 1718 Development of steamboat travel along Mississippi led to its popularity as a port of entry Between 1820 and 1920 over 700,000 immigrants entered through this port, most prior to 1860

Baltimore Founded in 1729 Located in largest estuary in US Baltimore & Ohio RR linked it to Chesapeake & Ohio Canal and later to Ohio River Had no major immigrant processing station

San Francisco Settled by Spanish in 1776 Became part of US in 1847 because of Mexican War Between 1820 and 1920 total immigration was about 500,000 – mostly Asians

New York Ports of Entry Castle Gardens Ellis Island

Castle Garden 8/1/1855 to 4/18/ –Dutch settlers erect “Battery” of cannons to defend New Amsterdam Castle Clinton built prior to War of s – expanded & renamed Castle Garden 8/1/1855 – became America’s 1 st immigrant receiving center Welcomed 8.5 million immigrants until it closed

Searching Castle Garden Data Base

Barge Office Temporary deport until Ellis Island opened Operated from 4/19/1890 to 12/31/1891

Ellis Island

Ellis Island 1/1/1892 to 11/12/1954 Opened 1/1/1892 Burned June 15, 1897 Re-opened Dec, – passage of National Origins Act Became primarily detention center 1954 – Ellis Island officially closed

Searching Ellis Island Data Base ntro.html ntro.html

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