Psychological Disorders What Is Abnormal? Schizophrenia Mood Disorders Anxiety Disorders Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders Other Psychological Disorders

Abnormal Behavior Biological Factors Brain function, genetic predispositions, disease-producing microorganisms, Physical and chemical aspects of The external environment Psychological Factors Early family life, learning experiences, cognitive factors Sociocultural Factors Cultural views about “normal” and “abnormal” behavior, social roles, expectations Abnormal Behavior

Perspectives on Psychological Disorders  Psychodynamic or psychoanalytic  Learning  Cognitive  Humanist  Biological and Biopsychosocial

DSM-5 Categories of Mental Disorders DSM-5 CategorySymptomsExamples Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders Characterized by the presence of psychotic symptoms including hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, bizarre behavior, or loss of contact with reality. Schizophrenia paranoid type, Schizophrenia disorganized type, Schizophrenia catatonic type, Delusional disorder, Jealous type. Mood DisordersCharacterized by periods of extreme or prolonged depression or mania or both. Major depressive disorder, Bipolar disorder. Anxiety DisordersCharacterized by anxiety and avoidance behavior.Panic disorder, Social phobia, Obsessive Compulsive disorder, Posttraumatic stress disorder. Somatoform disordersPhysical symptoms are present that are psychological in origin rather than due to a medical condition. Hypochondriasis, Conversion disorder. Dissociative DisordersOne handles stress or conflict by forgetting personal information or one's whole identity, or by compartment-alizing the trauma or conflict into a split-off alter personality. Dissociative amnesia, Dissociative fugue, Dissociative identity disorder. Personality DisordersCharacterized by long-standing, inflexible, maladaptive patterns of behavior beginning early in life and causing personal distress or problems in social and occupational functioning. Antisocial personality disorder, Histrionic personality disorder, Narcissistic personality disorder, Borderline personality disorder. Substance Related Disorders Undesirable behavioral changes result from substance abuse, dependence, or intoxication. Alcohol abuse, Cocaine abuse Disorders Usually First Diagnosed In Infancy, Childhood, Or Adolescence Include mental retardation, learning disorders, communication disorders, developmental disorders, attention-deficit and disruptive behavior disorders, tics, and elimination disorders. Conduct disorder, Autistic disorder, Tourette's Syndrome, Stuttering. Eating Disorders Characterized by severe disturbances in eating behavior.Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa.

Schizophrenia  Positive Symptoms  Negative Symptoms  Schizophrenia and the brain  Types  Causes

Mood Disorders: Depression  Overwhelming sadness  Despair  Hopelessness  Inability to experience pleasure  Effects work and personal life

Mood Disorders: Bipolar Disorder Manic BehaviorDepressive Behavior Emotional Characteristics Cognitive Characteristics Motor Characteristics Elation, euphoria, extreme sociability, expansiveness, impatience Distractibility, desire for action, impulsiveness, talkativeness, grandiosity, inflated self-esteem Gloominess, hopelessness Social withdrawal, Irritability indecisiveness Slowness of thought, Obsessive worrying about death, negative self-image, delusions of guilt, difficulty in concentrating Hyperactivity, increased need for sleep, sexual indiscretion, fluctuating appetite Decreased motor activity, fatigue, difficulty in sleeping, decreased sex drive, decreased appetite List of famous bipolar sufferers

Mood Disorders: Suicide  thousand reported each year in U.S.  More often with family history  White and Native American have highest rate  More women attempt, more men succeed  About 90% leave clues that they are going to kill themselves

Anxiety Disorders  Normal vs. Abnormal  Generalized Anxiety Disorder  Panic Disorder  Phobias: Phobia listingPhobia listing  Obsessive Compulsive Disorder  Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder  Test Anxiety

Somatoform Disorders  Hypocondriasis  Conversion disorder  Munchausen disorder or ficticious dease disorder  Munchausen disorder by proxy  Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Dissociative Disorders  Dissociative Amnesia  Dissociative fugue  Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) or Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD)

Personality Disorders

Sexual Dysfunctions and Paraphilias  Male erectile disorder  Female orgasmic disorder  Voyeurism/Exhibitionism  Fetishism  Sexual masochism  Sexual sadism  Pedophilia Sexual/Gender Identity Dysmorphia Transsexualism and transvestitism