GOAL/PURPOSE STUDENTS WILL LEARN THAT GALAXIES ARE CLUSTERS OF BILLIONS OF STARS AND THAT THE SUN IS ONE OF MANY STARS IN THE MILKY WAY GALAXY. THEY WILL ALSO LEARN THAT GALAXIES ARE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO SIZE AND SHAPE.

CLUSTERS KEY-STARS ARE NOT EVENLY DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE GALAXY KEY- MANY STARS BELONG TO STAR CLUSTERS, WHICH ARE LARGE GROUPS OF STARS THAT FORM AROUND THE SAME TIME KEY- OPEN CLUSTERS ARE LOOSE AND DISORGANIZED GLOBULAR CLUSTERS- ARE ROUND AND DENSELY PACKED

GALAXIES GALAXY- IS A LARGE GROUP OF STARS, STAR SYSTEMS, STAR CLUSTERS, DUST AND GAS BOUND TOGETHER BY GRAVITY. KEY- MANY LARGE GALAXIES, INCLUDING OUR OWN APPEAR TO HAVE HUGE BLACK HOLES AT THE CENTER. KEY- THERE ARE BILLIONS OF GALAXIES IN THE UNIVERSE KEY- EACH GALAXY CONTAINS BILLIONS OF STARS AND THE LARGER ONES TRILLIONS OF STARS. KEY- SCIENTIST ARE DISCOVERING MORE EARTHLIKE PLANETS ALL THE TIME.

KEY ASTRONOMERS CLASSIFY GALAXIES INTO THREE MAIN CATEGORIES SPIRAL LIKE THE ONE BELOW AND LIKE OUR MILKY WAY.

SPIRAL GALAXIES- HAVE A DENSE CENTER AND ARM THAT SPIRAL OUTWARD AND ROTATE AROUND THE MIDDLE.

Elliptical galaxies- have a rounded shape or oval, or egg like. Contains very old stars.

Irregular galaxies- no regular shape, typically smaller than other types

Milky way- our solar system is located in the spiral galaxy called the milky way galaxy

Milky Way Spiral Galaxy

UNIVERSE KEY- ASTRONOMERS DEFINE THE UNIVERSE AS ALL OF SPACE AND EVERYTHING IN IT. KEY- THE UNIVERSE IS ENORMOUS ALMOST BEYOND IMAGINATION. KEY ASTRONOMERS STUDY OBJECTS AS CLOSE AS THE MOON AND AS FAR AWAY AS QUASARS QUASARS- ARE THE MOST DISTANT OBJECTS IN THE UNIVERSE THOUGHT TO BE ACTIVE YOUNGER GALAXIES WITH GIANT BLACK HOLES IN THE CENTER

KEY- ASTRONOMERS STUDY OBJECTS INCREDIBLY LARGE, SUCH AS GALAXIES THAT ARE MILLIONS OF LIGHT YEARS ACROSS. KEY- THEY ALSO MAY STUDY BEHAVIOR OF TINY PARTICLES, SUCH AS ATOMS WITHIN STARS

CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING- WRITE THE QUESTION AND ANSWER 1. Name the main types of galaxies 2. What type of galaxy is the milky way? 3. What type of galaxy contains older stars? 4. How far away is it to the center of our galaxy? 5. What is a light year and how fast does light travel? 6. What is the fastest moving man made object, what is speed of sound? 7. List 3 reasons why space travel so challenging for humans?

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