Fintube Technologies, Inc. Date: October 22, 2009 Sanat Shetty © United States Steel Corporation

2 Fintube Technologies, Inc. Steel Coil Services Coil slitting & processing Coil slitting & processing Rod to fin strip Rod to fin strip TEKtube ERW Tube Mill ERW Tube Mill X-ID® Tubing X-ID® Tubing Finned Products Group Kentube Finned Products - OK Kentube Finned Products - OK Aletas y Birlos – Mexico Aletas y Birlos – Mexico Kentube Engineered Products Design Design Engineering Engineering Fabrication Fabrication Contract Fabrication Contract Fabrication “Vertically Integrated Manufacturing for Reliability and Quality” ISO certified for more than 10 years

3 Economizers – – Rectangular – – Cylindrical Tubular Air Heaters Steam Coil Air Heaters (Indirect fired) Super-heaters Waste Heat Recovery – – Hot Oil / Thermal fluids – – Glycol/Water Stool Coolers Feedwater Preheat Systems Tank heaters Accessories – – Safety Relief Valves – – Sootblowers – – Ductwork Kentube Engineered Products Group

4 Kentube Engineered Products – Industries Served Process industries Industrial applications Other   Packaged Boilers   Utility boilers   Furnaces   Ovens   Kilns   Fired Heaters   Diesel Generators Chemical & petrochemical Food & beverage Paper Pharmaceuticals / Fertilizer Hospitals Schools Laundries Offshore Platforms Steel production Equipment manufacturers Textile industries

5 Recover energy that is other-wise being wasted. This energy has already been “ paid for ”. BENEFITS of HEAT RECOVERY – – Higher efficiency – – Lower Pollution (Thermal and emissions) – – $$ saved Economics of heat recovery are dictated by capital and operating costs of the heat recovery equipment. SENSIBLE HEAT RECOVERY OR LATENT HEAT RECOVERY ALSO ! Fundamentals of Heat Recovery

6 Rectangular Economizer Vertical or horizontal gas flow Size ranges to 1,000,000+ pph Operating pressures from 50 psig to supercritical Horizontal or vertical tube designs Can support large loads ASME Section I or VIII, Division I

7 Rectangular Economizer Outlet header Finned tube bank Return bends Inlet header

8 Cylindrical Economizer Built to Section I or VIII of the ASME code Vertical or horizontal gas flow From 400 hp to 100,000 pph designs Solid or serrated finned tubes Built-in soot-blowers Minimal transitions – Adapter plate or Rolled Angle Flanges Access door for inspection and cleaning

9 Finning Configurations Fuels Square tube pitch with Solid Finning (fpi) Staggered tube pitch with Serrated Finning (fpi) Sootblowers Recommended Natural Gas OnlyN/A Natural Gas with #2 oil backup (<2 wks/yr) Natural Gas with #2 or #4 backup N/A No Natural Gas with #5 or #6 Oil backup #5 or #6 Oil #2 or #4 Oil Heavy Residual (Bunker C or Coal Tar) N/A N/A Yes Wood N/A Yes

10 Casing & Tubing Inner Casing Choices – – Carbon steel – Kentube Standard, Flue gas temperatures up to 800°F – – Corten – up to 1050°F – – 1-1/4 Chrome – up to 1250°F – – Stainless steel – up to 1500°F – – Internally lined for higher temperatures Outer Casing Choices – – Corrugated galvanized carbon steel – – Corrugated aluminum – – Flat outer casing Tube Types – – Welded (Kentube Standard) – – Seamless Tube Material – – Carbon steel (Kentube Standard) – – Alloy High temperature – – Stainless Steel High temperature Resists oxygen pitting

11 Corrosion Considerations OXYGEN CORROSION FROM UN-DEAERATED WATER Oxygen removed adequately? – – Chemical / Mechanical /Thermal de-aeration – – If not, we can use stainless steel tubes. – – Minimum 180 F feed-water temperature, assuming atmospheric pre-heat (and Chemical treatment) before we use Carbon steel tubes. ACID CORROSION FROM CONDENSATION OF SULFUR COMPOUNDS Acid dew-point depends on sulfur content of fuel Stack temperature after economizer is dictated by acid-dew point. Wall temperature is controlled by feed-water temperature – – Can deaerator pressure be increased? – – Feedwater preheat system? FuelLowest Econ Exit temperature (◦F) (C) Recommended minimum feed-water temp (◦F) (C) Natural gas260 F (126 C)180 F (82 C) # 2 Oil ( < 0.5% S)300 – 325 F (149 C –163 C)210 F (99 C) #6 Oil ( ~ 2% S )350 F (177 C)240 F (116 C)

12 Unit consists of bundle of straight tubes that are rolled into end tube-sheets. Gas inside tubes or outside Vertical units have multiple shell side passes. Horizontal units have multiple tube side passes. Vibration baffles if needed. Completely seal welded casing. An integral expansion joint between the tube sheet and casing allows for differential growth between the tubes and shell. Tubular Air Pre-Heaters

13 Custom Designed Units Designs are based on Kentube's many years of experience designing and building air pre-heaters. Custom designed to meet specific design parameters by experienced engineers Sizes from as low as 25,000 pph of gas flow to hundreds of thousands of pph of gas flow, such as those used on utility boilers. Modular Construction. Installations with flue gas from natural gas, wood-burning, coal & pet coke burning boilers

14 Design Information Needed – Air Pre-heaters ITEM Required NeededCOMMENTS CONFIGURATION: X Vertical, air or gas over Horizontal, air or gas overDefault design - horizontal, gas over. CONTROLLING EXIT X We have to know which exit temp. to TEMPERATURE GAS/AIR:design for - gas or air. SPACE LIMITATIONS, XGenerally, longer tubes less expensive. FOULING CHARACTERISTICS: XDefault gas resistance=.0200 EXIT FLOW DIRECTIONS X If specified, dictates number of passes. GAS: temperature in X pressure in XDefault, (-10 in. gauge) allowable pressure drop X Composition XMinimum, require information on fuel AIR OR SECOND GAS: temperature in X pressure in XDefault, (+25 in. gauge) allowable pressure drop X moisture content, if air X Default, 1.3% lb./lb. composition, if gas XSame as (GAS: composition) above

15 Air Pre-Heater Configurations Vertical Unit Horizontal UnitVertical tubes with mixing between passes Gas out Gas in tube side Air in shell side Air out Gas in tube side Air in shell side Gas out Gas in shell side Air in tube side Air out

16 Heat Recovery Units Heat recovered other than packaged boiler Heat transferred to possible other medium ( Thermal Oils / Glycol Water Systems, etc) May be high temperature Special design considerations We package duct-work, transitions, L&P, stack.

17 FLAT COILS FOR LARGE FIELD ASSEMBLED ECONOMIZERS

18 Stool Coolers Annealing Furnaces in sheet metal mills Water Cooled City Water Supply

19 Fintube Engineered Products- Fabrication Quality Program – – Kentube ISO certified : Travelers remain with unit from initial construction (Structural Shop) Fabrication Facilities ( NEW – OPENED IN JUNE 2008 ) – – 84,000 ft 2 – – Three (3) – 70 ft x 400 ft bays – – Overhead cranes to lift – – Portable jacks ton ASME Stamp Holder – – Do not rely on “remote” stamp – – Do not rely on a 3 rd party fab shop’s stamp Experience – By far, industry leader

20 Types of Finning Kentube Finned Products Group High Frequency SerratedHigh Frequency SolidStandard Frequency Serrated StudsAeroSeg

21 TEKtube Tubular Products Group TEKtube, started in 1989, is one of the largest producers of ERW carbon steel boiler tubes in North America, producing millions of feet each year. TEKtube has been ISO Certified since 1994 and is committed to producing a quality product SA-178-A, C, & D Tubing A-513 Air Heater Tubing A-423 Grade 1 {Corten} Tubing X-ID Tubing made to SA-178 A SA-214 Condenser Tubing “Tektube Product Range” “Tektube Size Range” Tube o.d. from 1.25”OD to 3.0” OD Tube wall thickness from 0.065” to.210” Lengths to 70’

22 What is X-ID ® ? X-ID is an internally enhanced tube. Tube augmentation (passive or active) techniques are used to increase the heat transfer rate. The augmentation in an X-ID tube is achieved by helical ribs on the inside of the tube. Ribs modify the behavior of the fluid flow leading to heat transfer augmentation.

23 X-ID® Tube Applications Significantly higher heat transfer rates than plain tubes Increased unit efficiency Reduced unit size allows for significant cost savings on the overall heat exchanger Firetube BoilersTubular Air HeatersShell-and-Tube HX TEKtube Tubular Products Group

24 Quality ISO 9001:2000 Code Construction – Kentube holds our own code stamps. Based on Customer Specifications, Kentube Products can comply with the following codes: – –ASME Section I, Power Boilers, “S” stamp holder ( also hold R stamp) – –ASME Section VIII, Division I, Pressure Vessels, “U” stamp holder – –ASME Section V, Nondestructive Examination – –ASME Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications – –AWS D1.1, Structural Welding Code – –American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) – –ASME B31.1, Power Piping – –Uniform Building Code – –International Building Code – –ASCE 7-05, Minimum Design Loads for Building and Other Structures – –P.E.D. (Pressure Equipment Directive) for the European Union

25 “Heat Recovery Product Solutions” through technical expertise and technological innovations. High quality products Control all aspects – –Tubes – –Finning – –Fabrication Most accurate heat transfer correlations Truly an “Engineering” company Actively developing industry-leading technology Summary