Introduction to Fungi: Evolution, Characteristics and Life Cycle BIOL 1407.

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Fungi: Evolution, Characteristics and Life Cycle BIOL 1407

Fungi com/video.php?v id=16788http:// com/video.php?v id=16788 Photo Credit: Field Biology Student, Enchanted Rock Field Trip 2005

Characteristics of Fungi Absorptive heterotrophs Cell walls made of chitin No flagella (most) Photo Credit: M. Hirsch, BIOL 1407 Bastrop Field Trip 2004

Fungal Hyphae Hyphae –Thread of cells –One cell thick –High surface area to volume ratio

Fungal Hyphae Hyphae –Absorb water, ions, nutrients –Gas exchange –Waste disposal

Hyphal Types Septate Coenocytic

Fungal Body Mycelium Loosely woven mat of hyphae Feeding structure

Reproductive Structures Made of hyphae Different shapes for different fungal groups

Reproductive Structures Make spores, either by mitosis or meiosis Some are called “fruiting bodies”

Heterokaryon Formed after plasmogamy n + n Unfused nuclei from both parents

Dikaryon Special type of heterokaryon Long-lasting As cells divide, cells retain n + n

Fungal Lifestyles Saprobes = Decomposers

Fungal Lifestyles Parasites

Fungal Lifestyles Predators

Fungal Lifestyles Mutualists: Mycorrhizae

Fungal Lifestyles Mutualists: Lichens Photo Credit: Field Biology Student, 360 Overlook 2005

Types of Lichens Crustose

Types of Lichens Foliose Photo Credit: Field Biology Student, 360 Overlook 2005

Types of Lichens Fruticose Photo Credit: M. Hirsch, BIOL 1407 Bastrop Field Trip 2004

Evolution of Fungi Earliest fossil fungi –Fungal spores –460 million years old

Opisthokonts Sister taxon to Fungi: Nucleariids

The End Unless otherwise specified, all images in this presentation came from: Campbell, et al Biology, 8 th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.

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