The Victorian Novels had different cultural themes. The most important were:  Children’s exploitation;  Life conditions;  Pollution. I will present you the theme of Children’s exploitation.

 Children were exploited in factories;  No good conditions of living;  They worked in coal mines;  They are expected to help family budget;  It increased during the Industrial Revolution.

An important example of children’s exploitation is given by Charles Dickens in Oliver Twist. Children’s exploitation was very common during the Industrial Revolution, as a consequence of poverty. The novel was written to accuse the society of that time.

 young children are employed in factories and mines and as chimney sweeps.  Child labour had an important role in the Industrial Revolution.  Children worked long hours in dangerous jobs for low pay.

 About 150 millions of exploited children.  They have to do dangerous works. An example are children exploited in coal- mines or in tea plantations.  It is developed mostly in backward countries as China, Vietnam, India, Africa.

Children were seen as objects. Exploitation was considered lawful. People can not oppugn capitalists. Oliver Twist is a Victorian symbol against child labour. People created an organization to control children’s exploitation. Iqbal Masih is a Pakistani child that became a symbol against child labour.

There is an important difference between:  child labour : economic exploitation in harmful conditions for children’s wellbeing  children's work : form of an economic activity lighter and it does not injured younger’s education and health.

 The children are working as a labour in school going age for the survival of there families and to full fill the basic necessities.  People don’t know the importance of education. That’s why most of children remain illiterate.

 Awareness must be raised and parents should pay attention to the education of their children.  Child Labour Laws should be strictly put into practice