The Land of the Rising Sun

Capital: Tokyo Language: Japanese -is also known as “The Land of the Rising Sun”

Japanese music was influenced by the court music of China Japanese music is monophony in nature. It observes minute tones, free rhythm and delicate timbre. It is usually written in duple meter

two ancient foundation Japanese Art Music Folk Music

 has sparse rhythm  Much of the traditional music of Japan was brought by the Chinese and Korean musicians around the 8 th century

two ancient foundation shōmyō ( 声明 or 聲明 ) gagaku ( 雅楽 )

also called Buddhist chanting type of Buddhist song that is known for being a melody that is added to a sutra originated in India and came to Japan during the country's Nara period

is sung acapella by one or more Buddhist monks it doesn't use any musical instruments at present, the SHOMYO has lost its real religious nature and has become more and more of a formal ceremonial music in the temple and at home

 l literally means “elegant music” ga- refinedgaku- music  oldest music and dance in existence in Japan nly surviving music in Japan  ancient imperial music and dance WWas introduced about 1,200 years ago  been preserved at the Court and in shrines and temples

 kigaku( 器楽 )- instrumental music sseigaku ( 声楽 )- vocal music

a. Instrumental ensemble (kangen) b. Dance music (bugaku) c. Ritual music of Shinto ceremonies

AAn instrumental music consisting of an ensemble including the hichiriki, ryuteki, sho, gakusou, gakubiwa, a nd various percussion instruments.

 A dance accompanied by a part or the entire gagaku ensemble

 The style of playing feel so depressing utilizing only a simple flute, zither, hichiriki and wooden clappers

 one melody which has different interpretations depending on the variations performed on the instruments

 is a concept of modulation and movement applied in a wide variety of traditional Japanese arts  Roughly translated to "beginning, break, rapid", it essentially means that all actions or efforts should begin slowly, speed up, and then end swiftly  The concept originated in gagaku court music, specifically in the ways in which elements of the music could be distinguished and described

 A variety of musical scales are used in traditional Japanese music  twelve-tone (dodecaphonic) Chinese scale has influenced Japanese music since the Heian period, in practice Japanese traditional music is often based on pentatonic (five tone) or heptatonic(seven tone) scales  Resembles that of the West in that they both contain seven tones in one octave, although tone arrangement differ

 also called as heptatonia prima  is an eight-note musical scale composed of seven pitches and a repeated octave  includes five whole stepsand two half steps for each octave, in which the two half steps are separated from each other by either two or three whole steps, depending on their position in the scale

Ryosen Ryosen- -ichikotsu(D) - sojo (G) - taishiki (E)

Ritsusen Ritsusen- -Hyojo (C) -Oshiki (A) -Banshiki(B)

 is a musical scale or mode with five notes per octave in contrast to a heptatonic (seven note) scale such as the major scale and minor scale  very common and are found all over the world

 Noh, along with bugaku or ancient dances with music accompaniment; kyogen, a form of comedy  is the traditional Japanese art which was established in mid 14th century  music performed on the Noh Shimai   d  d ance performed in Noh

has two elements vocalinstrumental

 is known as utai  performed by an actor and eight male singers– who narrates the story  derived from the shomyo  consists of songs and speeches with fixed intonation

 is known as hayashi  performed by the nohkan, a bamboo flute– three drums, (ko- tsuzumi or tsuzumi, and taiko). The flute plays the melody

 great theatrical contribution of the Edu period  comes from the verb kabuku which, in the 15 th and 16 th centuries meant “to act in an unusual manner wearing unusual clothes o-daiko o-daiko - a large drum was installed in the kabuki theater in tower over the entrance - It is used to calm and pacify the customers - used to signal the opening and the closing of the theater