Volcanic Activity: What causes a volcano?. What is a volcano? The hot upper mantle part of the lithosphere escaping through the crust part of the lithosphere.

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Presentation transcript:

Volcanic Activity: What causes a volcano?

What is a volcano? The hot upper mantle part of the lithosphere escaping through the crust part of the lithosphere.

Where are volcanoes? Subduction zones: Where one plate is pushed under another plate.

Where are volcanoes? Subduction zones: Where one plate is pushed under another plate. Divergent zones: two plates pulling apart and creating ridges.

Where are volcanoes? Subduction zones: Where one plate is pushed under another plate. Divergent zones: two plates pulling apart and creating ridges. Hot spots: These can happen anywhere on the planet that the crust is weak and thin (even in the middle of a plate).

Volcano vocabulary: Magma: Melted mantle beneath the surface of the Earth.

Volcano vocabulary: Magma: Melted mantle beneath the surface of the Earth. Lava: Magma that reaches the surface and is exposed to the atmosphere.

Volcano vocabulary: Magma: Melted mantle beneath the surface of the Earth. Lava: Magma that reaches the surface and is exposed to the atmosphere. Vent: The path gas and magma use to escape the crust.

Types of eruptions: Explosive: Happen when magma gets very thick from high Silica content and contains deadly gases.

Types of eruptions: Explosive: Happen when magma gets very thick from high Silica content and contains deadly gases. – Pyroclastic flow: A mixture of hot gases (up to 800 degrees Celsius), ash, cinder, and bombs hurled from a volcano at speeds up to 200 km per hour.

Types of eruptions: Explosive: Happen when magma gets very thick from high Silica content and contains deadly gases. – Pyroclastic flow: A mixture of hot gases (up to 800 degrees Celsius), ash, cinder, and bombs hurled from a volcano at speeds up to 200 km per hour. Effusive: Dominated by lava flowing from the volcano onto the ground.

Types of volcanoes: Composite Volcanoes

Types of volcanoes: Composite Volcanoes Shield Volcanoes

Types of volcanoes: Composite Volcanoes Shield Volcanoes Cinder Cones

Types of volcanoes: Composite Volcanoes Shield Volcanoes Cinder Cones Spatter Cones

Types of volcanoes: Composite Volcanoes Shield Volcanoes Cinder Cones Spatter Cones Complex Volcanoes