Where is the WATER? By: Chelsy Bird & Kayla Melfi

Runoff  Streets  Water  Roof  Rivers and lakes are supplied with water in one of two ways -Rivers and lakes are supplied with water in one of two ways -Or by water seeping through it

Groundwater  Groundwater refers to any subsurface water that occurs beneath the water table in soil and other geologic forms  Aqueducts  underground layers of porous rocks

Surface Water  Surface water refers to water occurring in lakes, rivers, streams, or other fresh water sources used for drinking water supplies. While most drinking water in the United States is withdrawn from groundwater sources, surface water remains a significant water resource

Flooding & Runoff  River Flooding Flooding along rivers is a natural and inevitable part of life. Some floods occur seasonally when winter or spring rains, coupled with melting snow, fill river basins with too much water too quickly. Torrential rains from decaying hurricanes or tropical systems can also produce river flooding.

Coastal Flooding  Winds generated from tropical storms and hurricanes or intense offshore low pressure systems can drive ocean water inland and cause significant flooding. Escape routes can be blocked off and blocked by high water. Coastal flooding can also be produced by sea waves called tsunamis, sometimes referred to as tidal waves. These waves are produced by earthquakes or volcanic activity.

Urban Flooding  As land is converted from fields or woodlands to roads or parking lots, it loses its ability to absorb rainfall. Urbanization increases runoff 2 to 6 times over what would occur on natural terrain. During periods of urban flooding, streets can become swift moving rivers, while basements can become death traps as they fill with water.

Flash Flooding  Several factors contribute to flash flooding. The two key elements are rainfall intensity and duration. Intensity is the rate of rainfall, and duration is how long the rain lasts. Topography, soil conditions, and ground cover also play an important role.

Construction  The EPA regulates such activities under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System program, which requires construction site operators engaged in clearing, grading, and excavating activities that disturb one acre or more - including smaller sites in a larger common plan of development (such as a subdivision) - to get an NPDES permit for their storm water discharges.  EPA withdrew regulation enacted in 2010 that limited the amount of construction debris allowed to enter storm drains.

Rain Barrel Rain Barrel  During the summer, residential water consumption can increase 40 to 50 percent because of the outdoor demand on water.  Water conservation is important to preserve our fresh water supply. Use a rain barrel to collect storm water runoff for later usage on the lawn and in the garden.  The rain water would normally become storm water runoff and could eventually run into a storm drain. Rain barrels can be arranged to gradually release the collected rain water to areas that are able to use and absorb the water.

Water In The World  Three-quarters of the Earth's surface is covered with water, yet 98 percent is salt water and not fit for consumption  Less than one percent of all the water on Earth is freshwater available for human consumption  The human body is more than 60 percent water. Blood is 92 percent water, the brain and muscles are 75 percent water, and bones are about 22 percent water  A human can survive for a month or more without eating food, but only a week or so without drinking water.