Covert Channels John Dabney. Covert Channels   “... any communication channel that can be exploited by a process to transfer information in a manner.

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Information Hiding and Covert Channels

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Presentation transcript:

Covert Channels John Dabney

Covert Channels   “... any communication channel that can be exploited by a process to transfer information in a manner that violates the system's security policy. - - National Institute of Standards and Technology  “a path of communication that was not designed to be used for communication.” - Matt Bishop

Steganography  “ ”  “the practice of concealing information in channels that superficially appear benign.”  “While cryptography is about protecting the content of messages, steganography is about concealing their very existence.” – Fabien Petitcolas

Properties  Existence  Hide the fact that communication is taking place  Bandwidth  Unused  Detectability  Evaluation  Ease of implementation  Range  Permissibility  Probability of detection  Anonymity  “Unobservable”  “Unlinkable”

Usage  Network  Wireless - Corrupted headers  Modifying header fields  Optional/mandatory – bits used infrequently raise risk of detection  Modifying existing traffic  Audio and Video stenograms  Encryption  Canary trap and Digital watermarking

An example  aphy/image%5Fdowngrading/

64 KB hidden

129 KB hidden

194 KB hidden

258 KB hidden

323 KB hidden

388 KB “hidden”

452 KB “hidden”

Detection  Comparison with original  Artifacts from applications used to hide information  Statistical analysis  Wireless - High error rates

Mitigation  Not complete elimination  Isolation  Bandwidth - time  Randomness/Uniformity  Compression  Changing formats  Disabling certain traffic

Questions? ????

Bibliography   Bishop, Matt. Introduction to Computer Security. Massachusetts: Pearson Education, Inc.,   “Canary Trap.” Wikipedia. April 26,   “Covert Channels.” Wikipedia. April 26,   Dunbar, Bret. A detailed look at Steganographic Techniques and their use in an Open-Systems Environment. SANS Institute. 01/18/ &portal=67dfc17e34bed372c83983ad0cbd5629. April 26, &portal=67dfc17e34bed372c83983ad0cbd5629   Owens, Mark. A Discussion of Covert Channels and Steganography. SANS/GIAC GSEC 1.3. March 19, &portal=67dfc17e34bed372c83983ad0cbd5629. April 26, &portal=67dfc17e34bed372c83983ad0cbd5629   Petitcolas, Fabien. “the information hiding homepage digital watermarking and steganography.” (Nov. 2006) Fabien a. p. petitcolas. April 26,   Sbrusch, Raymond. Network Covert Channels: Subversive Secrecy. SANS Institute &portal=67dfc17e34bed372c83983ad0cbd5629. April 26, &portal=67dfc17e34bed372c83983ad0cbd5629   “Steganography.” Wikipedia. April 26,   Wingate, Jim. The Perfect Dead Drop: The Use of Cyberspace for Covert Communications. BackBone Security.com. April 26,