Chapter 1 You Are The Driver Drive Right Textbook

A driver is responsible for: Main risk in driving: Having a conflict that results in an accident A driver is responsible for: Him/herself Passengers in the car Other drivers/passengers in other cars

Highway Transportation System Made up of people, vehicles, and roadways Purpose  move people and cargo from once place to another in a safe, efficient manner Most important part  drivers who operate vehicles in a low-risk manner & obey laws

Highway Transportation System Most complex transportation system Safe driver is responsible for everyone on the roadway Courts decide if drivers are guilty or innocent after violating the laws

Driving task Defensive driver Implied Consent Includes social, physical, and mental skills and actions required to drive Defensive driver Drive in a way that reduces conflicts Implied Consent By getting your license and driving behind the wheel, you agree to take an alcohol test if requested If you refuse, you will lose your license

Driver Error is the most common cause of collisions A breakdown in the HTS occurs when any part of the system does not work well Ex: traffic, collisions, poor weather conditions Driver Error is the most common cause of collisions Ex: speeding, tailgating, texting while driving Traffic collisions usually have more than 1 cause Ex: a car skids because of a slippery road and hits a tree Traffic collisions are the most common cause of death for young people

IPDE Process Definition: process of seeing, thinking, and responding I: Identify – important information in the ongoing driving scene P: Predict – when and where possible points of conflict will develop D: Decide – when, where, and how to communicate, adjust speed, and change position to avoid conflict E: Execute – the right action to prevent conflict

Chapter 2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Drive Right Textbook

Purpose of Traffic Signs Regulate  regulatory sign Controls traffic Ex: stop sign Warn  warning sign Alerts you to possible hazards and road conditions Guide  guide sign Gives directions Ex: interstate sign

Colors Red: stop, yield, prohibited Yellow: warning Orange: construction Blue: motorist service Brown: cultural interest Yellow: warning White: regulatory Black: regulatory Green: guide

SHAPES Vertical rectangle: regulatory Octagon: stop Triangle: yield Horizontal rectangle: guide Round: railroad crossing Pennant: no passing Octagon: stop Triangle: yield Pentagon: school Diamond: warning

Stop Sign Red, octagon Always come to a full stop before stop line Yield Allow others to use the intersection before you do Right of way Accept the privilege of immediate use of the road

4 Way Stop 1. Driver who stopped first Proceeds first 2. If cars stop at the same time Driver on left should yield to driver on the right 3. If stopped across at the intersection Driver going straight should go first Driver turning left should wait

Other Signs Yield Sign Speed Limit Signs Warning Signs School Signs Always slow or stop and give the right of way to traffic Speed Limit Signs Basic Speed Law: may not drive faster than is safe for existing conditions, regardless of posted speed Warning Signs Yellow, diamond School Signs Pentagon

Traffic Lights Green Yellow Red Proceed if intersection is clear Yellow Make the effort to stop safely Red Come to a complete stop before intersection What should you do if the light turns green and pedestrians are crossing the intersection?

Flashing Red Light Curb painted yellow Will never turn green! Stop and proceed if there are no cars or pedestrians Curb painted yellow You may not park alongside the curb

Roadway Markings Yellow Lines: separate 2 way traffic Broken line: may pass when no traffic is coming from the opposite direction Solid line: passing is not allowed White Lines: separate lanes of traffic traveling in the same direction Broken line: may switch between lanes Solid line: cannot switch between lanes

Rumble Strips Short sections of corrugated roadways Alert drivers through noise the tires make when driving over them Located… Before tolls Side of highways

Chapter 3 Basic Vehicle Control Drive Right Textbook

Speedometer Odometer Tells you the speed you are traveling Indicates the total number of miles the vehicle has driven

Temperature Light or Gauge Fuel Gauge Shows the amount of fuel in the tank Temperature Light or Gauge Warns you when the coolant in the engine is too hot

Turn Signal Indicators High Beam Indicators Safety Belt Light Reminds you to fasten your seat belt before moving Turn Signal Indicators Tell you the direction you have signaled to turn High Beam Indicators This light glows when the high-beam lights are on

Inside and Outside Rearview Mirrors Inside: shows the view from the rear window Outside: shows the view from the left and right rear of your vehicle Blind Spot Areas: the area to the left and right the driver cannot see when looking through the outside windows

Hazard Flasher Control Both front and rear turn signal lights flash at the same time Horn Located on the steering wheel

Gears P = Park R = Reverse N = Neutral D = Drive Locks the transmission Only can remove key when vehicle is in park R = Reverse Backing up N = Neutral Wheels can roll without engine power D = Drive Moving forward

Outside Checks Walk around your vehicle and look for objects in the path you intend to take Check tires to see they are properly inflated Notice what direction your tires are pointed Make sure windshield is clear Remove any snow/ice that may have accumulated

Hand Steering Positions Hands should be kept at 9 and 3 o’clock or 8 and 4 o’clock to avoid injury from airbag

Putting Vehicle in Motion Press on brake Move gear to DRIVE Release the brake Check for traffic Use signals to move away from the curb if parked If all is clear, press the accelerator

Chapter 4 Managing Risk with the IPDE Process Drive Right Textbook

Risks Driver Vehicle Roadway

Identify Predict Open and closed zones Specific clues Other users Roadway conditions Traffic controls Actions of other users Speed Direction Control Point of conflict

Execute Decide Control speed Change or maintain speed Steer Change direction Communicate Control speed Steer Communicate Combine actions

Smith System Helps drivers develop good seeing habits Aim high in steering Get the big picture Keep your eyes moving Highway hypnosis Leave yourself an “out” Make sure they see you

Zone Locations

Zones of Roadway Space around the vehicle in the drivers sight Open Zone Space where you can drive without a restriction Closed Zone Space not open to you because of a restrict in your intended path of travel

Searching Ranges Target Area Range 12-15 Second Range 4-6 Second Range Search this area to detect early any conditions that might affect your intended path of travel 12-15 Second Range Identify changes in your line of sight to make decisions about controlling your path of travel 4-6 Second Range Get the final update of how you are controlling your intended path of travel

Orderly Visual Search Pattern Look ahead at your target area Evaluate the zones in the 12-15 second range Glance in the rearview mirrors and check rear zones Evaluate your 4-6 second range before entering that space Check speedometer and gauges REPEAT!

Where to look? Field of Vision Central Vision Peripheral Vision Area you can see around you Central Vision sharply Peripheral Vision Area to the left and right Aim High in Steering Look 12-15 seconds ahead

What to look for? Change from multilane to single lane Change in width of lane Roadway surface Roadside hazards

What to Predict? Path: where other drivers may go Action: what actions other drivers will take Space: what type of space zones are around you Point of Conflict: where two paths may cross

Minimize the Hazard Separate the Hazard Compromise Space Reduce the possibility of conflict Separate the Hazard Dealing with one hazard at a time Compromise Space When hazards cannot be avoided, give as much space to the greater hazard