FRIDAY WARM-UP Put your objective into your notebook. Let’s look at your warm-up and analyze some data!

Boston Tea Party -Tax on tea still remain in effect - Tea Acts, 1767 (Britain lets East India Company sell tea to colonists without tax) -Monopoly on tea given to British company -Dec colonists raided Boston harbor and threw the tea overboard and burned the ships (Boston Tea Party) “In about three hours…we had thus broken and thrown overboard every tea chest to be found in the ship, while those in the other ships were disposing of the tea in the same way.” George Hewes, 1773

Intolerable Acts -Parliament passes Coercive Acts in reaction (1773) King George III tightens control over Massachusetts and places Boston under martial law -Colonist call it the Intolerable Acts -closed Boston Harbor -suspended basic civil rights -housed troops in peoples’ homes -Committees of Correspondence

First Continental Congress (September 1774) -Committees of Correspondence had been communicating with other colonies -Militias begin to form -minutemen -After Intolerable Acts they call for a meeting -Late 1774 first meeting held in Philadelphia - Appealed directly to King George for more rights (Declaration of Rights and Grievances) - King refuses and sends more troops to Massachusetts - Reject Intolerable Acts and renew boycotts (Suffolk Resolves) - discussed rights of colonies -agreed to meet again in one year

Patrick Henry’s Treasonous Speech Delivered Before Virginia House of Burgesses March 1775 “If we wish to be free—if we mean to preserve those privileges for which we have been fighting so long—if we do not mean to abandon the noble struggle in which we have so long been engaged—we must fight! I repeat it, we must fight! An appeal to weapons and to God is all that is left us… Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!”

Lexington and Concord -April British try to seize weapons stored in Concord -Paul Revere, William Dawes, Samuel Prescott warn colonists -Minutemen met British at Lexington -Shots fired and colonists killed (8 Colonists and 1 British) - Colonists retreat -Colonist conduct guerilla battle along road to Concord (250 British and 95 Colonial casualties) “All the hills on each side of us were covered with rebels…so that they kept the road always lined and a very hot fire on us without intermission…” British Soldier, April 1775

Paul Revere's Ride By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Listen my children and you shall hear Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere, On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-five; Hardly a man is now alive Who remembers that famous day and year. He said to his friend, "If the British march By land or sea from the town to-night, Hang a lantern aloft in the belfry arch Of the North Church tower as a signal light,-- One if by land, and two if by sea; And I on the opposite shore will be, Ready to ride and spread the alarm Through every Middlesex village and farm, For the country folk to be up and to arm."

The Battle of Concord

Second Continental Congress -May 1775 Leader: John Hancock Representatives: Men with power Most not ready to break with Britain -Called for an army and appointed Washington as leader Commanded Continental Army Problems: Bad Sanitation Untrained Troops Drunkenness No respect for superiors -Some talk of compromise and some of independence Discipline is the soul of an army. It makes small numbers formidable; procures success to the weak, and esteem to all. George Washington, 1759

Bunker Hill -June Colonist take hill overlooking Boston (Breed’s Hill) -British charge the hill 3 times until colonists run out of ammo -Lots of casualties - Deadliest/Bloodiest Battle (226 British dead, 800 wounded) (140 Americans dead, 271 wounded) -Proves the intentions of the colonists “It was a dear bought victory; another such would have ruined us.” British Officer

The Battle of Bunker Hill

The first military engagements of the American Revolution took place in the spring of 1775 in the countryside surrounding Boston.

Olive Branch Petition -July Second Congress sent King George a petition to return to the peace of the past - Pledged loyalty to the crown -He refuses the petition and urges the rebellion put down - Prohibitory Acts declare colonies in a state of rebellion King George III Rejects Olive Branch

Common Sense -Many colonists had loyalties that were strong to Britain -Loyalists -Patriots -Common Sense -written by Thomas Paine -Jan urges independence for the colonies -Said it was contrary to common sense to have a large continent ruled by a small and distant land “Everything that is right or reasonable pleads for separation. The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of nature cries, ‘Tis time to part.” Thomas Paine

Declaration of Independence -June 1776 Congress was debating Independence Richard Henry Lee (Virginia) Makes motion for independence - All colonies voted in favor, with NY abstaining -Committee appointed to begin work on formal document -Meant to explain the reasons for independence -Mostly written by Thomas Jefferson -Congress edited the final draft -Issued July 4, 1776 “…these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be free and independent States.” Richard Henry Lee June 7, 1776

Signing of the Declaration of Independence "We must, indeed, all hang together, or most assuredly we shall all hang separately." -Benjamin Franklin just before signing the Declaration of Independence, 1776.

Concepts in Declaration -Jefferson took ideas from many Enlightenment thinkers -Natural Rights and Social Contract from John Locke -All men are created equal -Listed specific reasons for our independence Four Main Parts: 1.Preamble (Purpose) 2.Statement of Rights -Government power comes from people -Peal have right to alter government 3.List of Grievances 4.Resolution of Independence

We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it.”

Choosing Sides -Loyalists Those who remained loyal to the King and the British often called Tories - Number: 60,000 - Mainly from South -Patriots Those who supported the move for independence risked everything because they could be hung as traitors - Mostly from New England and Virginia - Short on Supplies, Poorly Equipped, and Rarely Paid -Undecided As many as a third of the colonists were undecided as to whether independence or remaining part of England was the best decision