Bloodborne Pathogens University of Northern Iowa University of Northern Iowa EH&S Training Program EH&S Training Program Wellness Resource Lab Wellness Resource Lab An overview of OSHA regulations and UNI procedures

Web Based Training was Created for UNI Employees with the Intent to: uExpand awareness of existing environmental, health and safety policies/procedures uProvide information to assist in evaluating and improving each work environment uAssist in determining the need for more advanced training

Is that blood on the floor? I must tell someone!

Topics Covered u Transmission of Potentially Infectious MaterialsTransmission of Potentially Infectious Materials u Common Bloodborne DiseasesCommon Bloodborne Diseases u Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment u Controlling Potentially Infectious MaterialsControlling Potentially Infectious Materials u Labeling Potentially Infectious MaterialsLabeling Potentially Infectious Materials u Exposure Control PlanExposure Control Plan

Who needs this training? u Any employee or student who may be occupationally exposed to blood and other potentially infectious materials at the University of Northern Iowa

Bloodborne Pathogens are classified as anything that contains human blood, blood products, or blood components Definition

TRANSMISSION OF POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS HUMAN BODY FLUIDS

u Saliva in dental procedures u Semen and vaginal secretions u Cerebrospinal, synovial, pleural, pericardial, peritoneal, and amniotic fluids u Body fluids visibly contaminated with blood  HIV-containing cell or tissue cultures and HIV or HBV-containing culture mediums or other solutions Potentially Infectious Human Body Fluids Include:

Modes of Transmission for Bloodborne Pathogens uAny form of broken skin, which includes: Ù Abrasions Ù Blisters Ù Burns Ù Cuts Ù Eyes, nose, mouth Ù Punctures from sharp objects

Bloodborne Pathogens are not passed through the air like cold and flu germs. Transmission They are most commonly transmitted by: u Accidental puncture of skin by sharp contaminated objects u Contact of broken skin u Contact of mucous membrane and body fluids

COMMON BLOODBORNE DISEASES

Universal Precautions The single most important measure to prevent transmission of HBV and HIV is to treat all human blood and other potentially infectious materials AS IF THEY ARE infected with HBV and HIV.

Bloodborne Diseases: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome  Over 1 million Americans have AIDS u The individual’s immune system is depleted u If infected, he or she may not have symptoms for years u There is no cure or vaccination but there are treatment options available to prolong an individual’s life

Bloodborne Diseases: Hepatitis B u The most common is a serious liver infection Ù Over 12 million people in the U.S. are infected Ù Up to 100,000 new people will be infected each year u If infected, one may or may not have symptoms Ù Symptoms may feel like the flu u Effects can be acute or chronic u Can be treated if detected early u Vaccination is available

Bloodborne Diseases: Hepatitis C  Over 3.9 million Americans have been infected. Ù There are approximately 25,000 new cases per year. u Chronic infection usually results in chronic liver disease. With about 5,000 deaths per year. u Infected individuals usually show no symptoms. u It is treatable if detected early. u There is no vaccination available.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

#1 Method of Control Personal protective equipment must be used throughout the duration of bloodborne pathogen exposure It is essential to have a barrier between you and the potentially infectious material.

Protective barriers are intended to prevent blood or other potentially infectious materials from passing through to worker’s clothing, skin, or mucous membranes. Personal Protective Equipment Equipment includes: u latex, rubber or vinyl gloves u gowns u laboratory coats u face shields or masks u eye protection

When Using Protective Gloves u Inspect for defects before use u Remove gloves and wash hands if gloves have become contaminated u Do not snap gloves when removing them u Grasp gloves at the wrist and pull off, inside out u Discard in biohazard waste container u Always wash hands after removing gloves u Never reuse disposable gloves

uRemove all personal protective equipment immediately after contamination or leaving the work area uPlace all personal protective equipment in an appropriately designated area or container for storing, washing, decontaminating, or discarding uReplace disposable, gloves as soon as possible when contaminated or if torn, punctured, or barrier function is compromised uDo not reuse disposable gloves Disposal of Personal Protective Equipment

CONTROLLING POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS MATERIALS

Engineering Controls: Methods of Control uDiscard contaminated items like needles, broken glass, scalpels, or other sharp items, in puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers, color- coded red or labeled, according to the standard uUse puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers, color-coded red or labeled to store contaminated reusable sharps until they are properly reprocessed uStore and process reusable contaminated equipment that ensures safe handling uUse puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers to collect, handle, process, store, transport, or ship blood specimens and potentially infectious materials. Label these specimens if shipped outside the facility

Methods of Control Methods of Control (cont.) uAs soon as gloves are removed, wash hands to prevent any contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials. uIf exposure to the eye has occurred, use an eye wash immediately. uUnless required to do so by specific medical procedures or the employer, do not bend, recap, or remove contaminated needles. Workplace Controls:

Methods of Control Methods of Control (cont.) uDo not eat, drink, smoke, apply cosmetics, or handle contact lenses in areas of potential bloodborne pathogen exposure uDo not store food or drink in refrigerators or on shelves where blood or potentially infectious materials are present uDisinfect area as soon as work is complete uUse plastic instead of glass when available Workplace Controls:

LABELING POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS MATERIALS

Labels and Marking Systems Every discarded bloodborne pathogen must be placed in a container with either of these labels attached.

Labels and Marking Systems uUniversal Biohazard labels should be on all containers that are holding biohazard materials. uDoors or areas where biohazard material is stored should also be labeled. uRed bags may also be used to indicate the storage of biohazard materials.

EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN

Clean up of blood spills will be done by custodians only.

Anything that comes in contact with blood or other biohazard materials must be disinfected before reuse or discarded appropriately Decontamination

UNI Exposure Control Plan uDocumentation Ù Accurate records must be kept of each department’s written exposure control plan at UNI Ù Employee training must also be recorded uReview Ù Each plan must be reviewed and updated annually to address university changes uInformation Ù Go to to view the UNI Physical Plant’s Exposure Control Plan

Reporting of Exposure Incidents Incident occurs Employee informs supervisor Departmental exposure control plan in effect Supervisor collects all necessary information for reports Supervisor provides copy of the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard to employee before he/she goes to the hospital Documentation of the incident using a “post exposure incident confidential record” is recorded For example, a Physical Plant employee will contact his/her direct supervisor who will then contact the Safety Manager who will make arrangements to get the employee to Sartori Hospital.

Post-Exposure Evaluation and Follow-up uDocumentation of the route of exposure and circumstances related to the incident uIdentification of the potential source individual and status uResults of testing the source individual will be made available to the exposed employee uEmployee will be offered the option of having their blood collected for testing. Blood will be kept on hand for 90 days then disposed of properly uEmployee will be offered post exposure prophylaxis in accordance with current U.S. Public Health Services recommendations uEmployee will be provided appropriate counseling

Training Requirements uInitial Training Ù Anyone who may be introduced to an area where occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens may occur at UNI uAnnual Refresher Training Ù Required every 12 months to refresh the details of bloodborne pathogen exposure procedures at UNI

Additional Training or Information Contact: The Environmental Health and Safety Office at The Wellness Resource Lab at Or Joan Thompson Wendel Reece