Atropa Belladonna and Scopolamine Michelle Pryce Chemistry 211 13 June 2008.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Butterflies Created by Melinda Frydenlund.
Advertisements

By Ia.  English Ivy is from England, western Asia and Africa.  Non-native plants are called an invasive species: Invasive plants mean that the plant.
Scopolamine Julia Bedell Laci Click Meredith Barr.
 They are vascular seed bearing plants that can grow as shrubs, trees, or vines  There are about 70 present day species of gnetophytes that are known.
The Rainforest By Katie Cook.
Toxic herbs 1. Atropa Belladonna‏ 2. Nicotiana Tabacum 3. Mandragora (Mandrake)‏ 4. Cicuta 5. Hyoscyamus Niger (Henbane)‏
III. Psychoactive Plants w a) Stimulants w b) Hallucinogens w c) Depressants.
Bioorganic Chemistry Amines
(Meadowsweet) By Alyssa and Gabrielle.  A tall perennial plant that grows in damp and marshy places  Flowers: tiny, creamy-white, sweet-smelling, in.
Survival Plants: Which are edible and which are harmful Plants You Can Eat And Which ones will make you sick!!!!! Some Can Keep You Alive And Some Will.
Stimulants and depressants
HALLOWEEN: Witches on broomsticks? Kindergarten lesson? THINK: sex, drugs, sexism, lipidophilic alkaloid extracts, epithelial tissues, etc.
When the settlers arrived to the New World, they learned how to use common plants in their folk medicines from the Native Americans. The Indians also.
Cocaine.
Christina Carter-Smith July 29, Long term exposure to stress may cause a variety of health issues.
Chapter 5 Autonomic Drugs.
POISONS Petra Doušová Petra Palíková. What is a poison?  poisons are substances that can cause injury, illness or death to organism, usually by chemical.
Main slide Belladonna leaves. Common names Description & plant origin
Atropa belladonna: The deadly nightshade. Taxonomy Kingdom: Plantae Class: Magnoliophyta Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Atropa Species: A.
3) Buscopan Buscopan tablets contain the active ingredient hyoscine-N-butylbromide, which is an antispasmodic alkaloid. It is used to relieve abdominal.
Chemistry 106 University of Nebraska Spring April 2009 Exam 4 next week.
SWEET LIME:- Apart from the health benefit of sweet lime, when consumed as a part of daily diet, it has enormous amounts of benefits as a home remedy element.
ALCOHOL & Drug Use. Adolescent Alcohol Use “Scientific evidence suggests that even modest alcohol consumption in late childhood and adolescence can result.
Dr. Steven I. Dworkin Drugs That Affect the Musculoskeletal System.
INTOXICATION AFTER INGESTION OF A DELETERIOUS PLANT 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki Medical School of.
8 th Grade Illegal Drugs Stimulants, Depressants, and Narcotics.
Presented by: Brian Rodriguez Enjoy!. Appetizer White-peace & honesty Red-hardiness, bravery, strength & valor Blue - vigilance, truth and loyalty, perseverance.
How Alcohol Affects the Drinker and Others. What is Alcohol? The most widely used drug A beverage that contains ethanol (a depressant that slows down.
1 Types and Effects of Drugs:. 2 Hallucinogens Health effects include:  Sense of distance and estrangement  Mood disorders  Dilated pupils  Elevated.
Medicine and Illegal Drugs
Heroin Risks Deaths from overdoses occur. Overdoses can lead to coma and even death from respiratory failure. If heroin is taken with other drugs, including.
Matthew Flynn Tech and Assess Dr. Cone Due Date: November 17, 2010 Audience: 9-12 grade.
ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS Prof. Alhaider Pharmacology Department Prof. Hanan Hagar Pharmacology Department.
Genus of flowering plants (Cannabaceae) that include 3 species Cannabis sativa, C. indica and C. ruderalis Indigenous to Central Asia and South Asia Cannabis.
English Ivy By Aislinn.
 What are Hallucinogenic Drugs?  Hallucinogenic Drugs are drugs that make you hallucinate and distort the persons perception of reality  Hallucinogenic.
Medicine and Illegal Drugs
SECTION 4 – DRUGS AND CONSCIOUSNESS. Objective: Describe the various kinds of drugs and their effects on consciousness. their effects on consciousness.
Min t Yellow Kitchen Pd.2 Jaclyn Lawley Rylee Snyder Dana Alford Isa Humphry.
Drugs for the Treatment of Pain
What is Homeopathy? 600 W. Emma St. Lafayette, CO
Diseases of the Industrial Revolution
Cholinoceptor Blocking Agents Pawitra Pulbutr M.Sc. In Pharm (Pharmacology)
Family Education 10-1 Session 10: Marijuana. Family Education Matrix IOP10-2 The Importance of Total Abstinence  Abstinence from all substances that.
By: annie cantrell 5th hour
Drugs Used for Parkinson’s Disease Chapter 15 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2004 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
The Famine of  By 1300 Europeans were farming almost all the land they could cultivate.  A population crisis developed.  Climate changes.
NATURAL REMEDIES. Recently a lot of people are rediscovering the simplicity and the effectiveness of natural remedies to alleviate common illnesses and.
Ancient Medicine Produced by : Maha Maged. صحتك من الطبيعة ماذا تعرف عن الأعشاب الطبيعية ؟ هل سبق لك انك عانيت من بعض آلام المعدة أو آلام الأسنان أو بعض.
Poisoning. Ingested Poisons Recognizing ingested poisoning –Abdominal pain –Nausea or vomiting –Diarrhea –Burns, stains, odor near or in mouth –Drowsiness.
Chapter 13 Poisoning. Ingested (Swallowed) Poisons Recognizing Ingested Poisoning Abdominal pain Nausea or vomiting Diarrhea Burns, stains, odor near.
POISONS Many plants and animals produce toxins(poisons produced naturally by organisms)—as protection against predators. Venomous snakes & spiders produce.
Peyote Mandy Jiang. What is Peyote? O Spineless cactus with small protrusions called “buttons” O Buttons are harvested and dried for later use O Chihuahuan.
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 Effects of Alcohol Chapter 13 Alcohol: Use and Abuse 1 > HOME Content Vocabulary intoxication delirium.
Drugs Used for Parkinson’s Disease
Tropane Alkaloids.
Cocaine.
School of Sciences, Lautoka Campus Monocotyledonous families Cont
Medicine and Illegal Drugs
Datura By Elia Mejia 3rd block.
Lyme Disease & Poisonous Plants
Medicine Man.
tropane alkaloids and steroidal alkaloids
Shanelle Macaraeg and Zoe Langseth
James H. Diaz, MD, MPH&TM, DrPH  Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 
James H. Diaz, MD, MPH&TM, DrPH  Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 
Psychology Chapter 5 Section 4: Drugs and Consciousness
Regional HIV and AIDS statistics and features for women, 2004 and 2006
Pharmacognosy 3rd Class, 2nd Semester
Presentation transcript:

Atropa Belladonna and Scopolamine Michelle Pryce Chemistry June 2008

Atropa belladonna Scopolamine is derived from the Atropa belladonna plant. This plant is commonly known as the “Deadly Nightshade”. The plant is a perennial herbaceous plant that can grow to over 5m in height.

Atropa Belladonna The leaves are dull, but shiny green. They are similar in texture to poison ivy. It produces purple, bell-shaped flowers. The flowers then produce shiny black, sweet berries.

Atropa Belladonna Atropa belladonna also goes by the following other names: dwale, banewort, devil's cherries, naughty man's cherries, divale, black cherry, devil's herb, great morel, and dwayberry. The plant is native to Central and Southern Europe, North Africa, and Southwest Asia, it and has been successfully cultivated in North and South America as well as parts of Russia. It is considered one of the deadliest plant in the Western Hemisphere.

Toxicity of Atropa Belladonna Atropa belladonna is one of the most toxic plants found on Earth. Children have been poisoned by eating as few as three berries. Ingestion of a leaf of the A. belladonna can be fatal to an adult. The root of the plant is generally the most toxic part of the plant. Belladonna leaves, if handled carelessly, can cause pus filled blisters on the hands. Symptoms of A. belladonna poisoning include dilated pupils and blurred vision. Also included are husky voice, hallucinations, loss of balance, a feeling of flight, staggering, a sense of suffocation, paleness followed by a red rash, flushing, extremely dry throat, constipation, tachycardia, urinary retention, and confusion.

Historic Uses of A. belladonna Belladonna is Italian for ‘beautiful lady’ and was used cosmetically for hundreds of years. Belladonna was used by women in order to dilate the pupils. This produced a dreamy, intoxicated state that was considered the epitome of beauty at one time. However, repeated use caused fuzzy vision and eventually blindness.

Medicinal uses of A. belladonna Atropine— Used in ACLS protocol for symptomatic bradycardia. Used to reverse effects of nerve agent in chemical poisoning. Used to treat organo- phosphate poisoning. Used by ophthalmologists for pupil dilation in eye exams. Scopolamine— Used to treat nausea and vomiting. Used to treat motion sickness and vertigo. Used to treat IBS, enterocolitis, and duodenal ulcers to stop intestinal spasms. Used in cold/flu medicines to help dry up excess mucus

Folklore and historical references Some of the first anesthetics, dating back to the days of Pliny the Elder (1 st century AD), were derived from the Atropa family of plants. “Witches’ Brew” A tea made from the leaves of the plant produce hallucinations in which the drinker thinks he thinks he is flying. Devil’s Cherries According to folklore, the devil has exclusive right to use the plant in any form. Anyone who uses the plant without the devil’s permission will be visited and killed by the devil.

Historical references In Homer’s Odyssey, Circe’s transformation of Odysseus’ fellows into pigs is attributed to hallucinations caused by A. belladonna. Belladonna is the plant that poisoned the troops of Marcus Antonius during the Parthian wars. According to the History of Scotland (1582), Macbeth poisoned an entire army with a drink containing an infusion of belladonna and alcohol. Juliet of Romeo and Juliet took an infusion of belladonna to produce her death-like sleep. Mentioned in Little Women as a sleeping aid. Mentioned in the movies The Nightmare Before Christmas, Perfect Stranger, Robocop 2, and Practical Magic as ways to sedate or kill a nemesis and in the TV shows CSI and House as a way to commit criminal activities.

Scopolamine The name Scopolamine is derived from Dr. J A Scopoli, a chemist, naturalist, and instructor of chemistry and metallurgy, who isolated some beneficial properties of A. belladonna while working in Slovenia in the 1750’s and 1760’s. Dr. Scopoli was also a physician who was assigned to treat miners in the mines of Slovenia. He was trying to isolate a cure for mercury poisoning when he isolated the derivative of scopolamine. He did not find a cure form mercury poisoning, however, scopolamine is a very useful drug. Today, it is used medicinally for treatment of motion sickness, gastrointestinal cramping, and recovery from anesthesia and surgery.

Other uses of scopolamine 1940’-1960’s- used by obstetrics in combination with morphine a to produce a tranquilized ‘twilight sleep’ for mothers in labor. Used in 1950’s by CIA and others in Project MKULTA, as an interrogation drug. Used in 1950’s and 60 in Asthmador, a drug to treat asthma and bronchitis. Used up to 1990 as OTC sleep aid. Used today illegally as date rape drug in Colombia and Thailand.