DISASTER PREPAREDNESS A Time-Dependent and Policy- Driven Process to Underpin Disaster Resilience Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

THE STATE OF THE WORLD: UNPREPARED REALITY: 200 Nations and 7 Billion People are Investing Over 6 Trillion Dollars Each Year in Urban Development and Billions in Education. REALITY: Each Year, approximately Events Cause Economic losses in the $ Billions With Large Tolls in Mortality and Morbidity and a Loss Potential That is Increasing Exponentially With Time.

DISASTERS OCCUR WHEN--- A COMMUNITY’S PUBLIC POLICIES ALLOW IT TO BE … UN—PREPARED

COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS NATURAL HAZARDS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY IENCE FOUR PILLARS OF RESILIENCE

GOAL: FROM UN—PREPARED TO A STATE OF PREPAREDNESS FOR ALL NATURAL HAZARDS

The Goal: Making Cities Disaster Resilient Concentrating all Available Resources on The Urgent Goal ISDR Introduced to the World on October 13 th, 2010

A PART OF THE UNITED NATIONS’ WORLD DISASTER REDUCTION CAMPAIGN Coordinated by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR)

THE WAY FORWARD DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY CITY IN EVERY REGION OF THE WORLD AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY CITY IN EVERY REGION OF THE WORLD AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY CITY THROUGHOUT WORLD ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION POLICIES & /PROGRAMS EUROPEEUROPEASIAASIA MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN SUB-SAHARAAFRICASUB-SAHARAAFRICA CARIBBEANBASINCARIBBEANBASIN ISLAND NATIONS THE AMERICAS

ELEMENT 1 OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS HAZARD, VULNERABILITY, AND RISK ASSESSMENTS

ELEMENT 2 OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS PREDICTIONS, FORECASTS AND WARNING SYSTEMS

ELEMENT 3 OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS DISASTER PLANNING SCENARIOS

ELEMENT 4 OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS INSURANCE

ELEMENT 4 OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS TOWARDS THE “INTELLIGENT COMMUNITY “

HAZARDSHAZARDS ELEMENTS OF RISK EXPOSUREEXPOSURE VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY LOCATIONLOCATION RISKRISK

HAZARD, VULNERABILITY, AND RISK ASSESSMENTS WHERE WILL THE NAT. HAZARD OCCUR? WHEN? PHYSICAL EFFECTS? HOW BIG OR SEVERE? WHAT IS AT RISK? THE VULNERABILITIES? EXPECTED DAMAGE? EXPECTED SOCIO- ECONOMIC IMPACTS? WHERE WILL THE NAT. HAZARD OCCUR? WHEN? PHYSICAL EFFECTS? HOW BIG OR SEVERE? WHAT IS AT RISK? THE VULNERABILITIES? EXPECTED DAMAGE? EXPECTED SOCIO- ECONOMIC IMPACTS?

GOAL: The implementation of policies by local governments that will move their cities towards disaster resilience.

An Unique Opportunity: This is an opportunity for the world’s more than 1 million cities to adopt the ISDR’S urgent goal of becoming disaster resilient as quickly as possible, and to find ways to make it happen.

SOME OF THE KINDS OF DISASTERS THAT HAPPENED DURING DEMONSTRATE THE URGENT NEED FOR RESILIENCE

EARTHQUAKES: 2010 HAITI CHILE TURKEY INDONESIA CHINA TAIWAN

EARTHQUAKES: 2011 JAPAN CHILE NEW ZEALAND TURKEY

LANDSLIDES: 2010 MACHU PICCHU SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MADEIRA (PORTUGAL) BRAZIL (RIO DE JANEIRO) TAIWAN SANTA MARIA TLAHUITOLTAPEC

SEVERE WINDSTORMS: 2010 Xynthia Tropical Storms and Hurricanes: Atlantic Basin Tropical Storms and Hurricanes: Pacific Basin Typhoons Cyclones

SEVERE WINDSTORMS: 2011 Tornadoes in USA Hurricane Irene Tropical Storm Lee Typhoons

FLOODS: 2010 BRAZIL (RIO DE JANEIRO) EUROPE PAKISTAN

FLOODS: 2011 QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA MISSISSIPPI RIVER AREA, USA BANGKOK, THAILAND

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:2010 ICELAND INDONESIA

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:2011 ICELAND

WILDFIRES: 2010 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA RUSSIA ISRAEL

WILDFIRES: 2011 ARIZONA TEXAS

DROUGHT CONTINUES IN THE CARIBBEAN CONTINUES IN WESTERN CHINA

OIL SPILLS AND LEAKS: 2010 GULF OF MEXICO CHINA

THE RESILIENT CITIES CAMPAIGN THE CAMPAIGN WILL SUCCEED WHEN CITIES ARE PREPARED FOR ALL NATURAL HAZARDS, AND ARE REDUCING DISASTER RISKS TOWARDS ZERO

EVERY REGION HAS CITIES WITH “CHAMPIONS” TO PROVIDE LEADERSHIP 200 NATIONS AND 7 BILLION PEOPLE 200 NATIONS AND 7 BILLION PEOPLE NORTH AMERICA NORTH AMERICA CARIBBEAN BASIN CARIBBEAN BASIN SUB-SAHARA AFRICA SUB-SAHARA AFRICA MEDITER- RANEAN MEDITER- RANEAN ISLAND NATIONS ISLAND NATIONS ASIA SOUTH AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA EUROPE

THE GOAL OF EVERY CITY LESS RISK! PREPARED FOR ALL NATURAL HAZARDS (E.G., FLOODS, SEVERE WINDSTORMS, EARTHQUAKES ) LESS RISK! PREPARED FOR ALL NATURAL HAZARDS (E.G., FLOODS, SEVERE WINDSTORMS, EARTHQUAKES )

F A C E IS THE KEY F A C E IS THE KEY FACTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY! COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL ALLIANCES! CHANGE IN THINKING! EFFORTS THAT BUILD LOCAL CAPACITY FOR PREPARE DNESS

USE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCES AS A BASIS FOR LOCAL PUBLIC POLICIES USE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCES AS A BASIS FOR LOCAL PUBLIC POLICIES SEED BED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE CAMPAIGHS THAT MEET COMMUNITY NEEDS SEED BED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE CAMPAIGHS THAT MEET COMMUNITY NEEDS RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT RESILIENT TRANSPORTATION RESILIENT TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION POLICY IMPLEMENTATION POLICY IMPLEMENTATION RESILIENT ENTERPRISE RESILIENT ENTERPRISE NATURAL & TECH. HAZARDS NATURAL & TECH. HAZARDS CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES

CITY PLANS FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION - Perspectives CITY PLANS FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION - Perspectives On Science, Policy, On Science, Policy, And EDUC. And EDUC.

HOW TO FAIL FACT: NO CITY CAN REDUCE ITS DISASTER RISKS WITHOUT A LONG-TERM STRATEGIC EFFORT. FACT: NO CITY CAN REDUCE ITS DISASTER RISKS WITHOUT A LONG-TERM STRATEGIC EFFORT. GOALS:GOALS: DISASTER RISK REDUCTION CAPACITY FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION DISASTER RESILIENCE

HOW TO SUCCEED SOCIALSCIENCESOCIALSCIENCE PHYSICAL SCIENCES ENGINEERINGSCIENCESENGINEERINGSCIENCES SUCCESS: A STATE OF PREPAREDNESS IN EVERY CITY STRATEGIC GOAL: WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE CAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITY

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES ISLAND NATIONS BUILD ON CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF NATIONS IN THE REGION GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RISK BUILD TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL CAPACITY FOR INCREASED COMMITMENT IMPROVE COMMUNICATIONS INCREASE AND IMPROVE PARTNERSHIPS FOCUS ON PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS AND INNO- VATIVE IMPLEMENTATION DEVELOP FINANCIAL RESOURCES INCREASE RESILIENCE OF COMMUNITIES BY REDUCING VULMERABILITIES IMPROVE PUBLIC EDUCATION AND AWARENESS

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disasters REDUCE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, AND ENTERPRISE VULNERABILITIES ACCELERATE EDUCATION (WITH FOCUS ON RISK REDUCTION TECHNIQUES INCREASE CAPACITY TO MITIGATE DAMAGE/LOSS OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ENHANCE PUBLIC HEALTH IIPROVE CAPACITY FOR PERFORMING LOSS ESTIMATIONS ESTABLISH AN AFRICAN CENTER OF EXCELLENCE ON SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISH SUB-REGIONAL CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE ON SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES CARIBBEAN BASIN NATIONS INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS OF SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL RISKS GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disasters INCREASE UNDERSTANDING OF RISKS IN EVERY NATION ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON ISLAND- SPECIFIC SCALES ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON COMMUNITY SCALES ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON NATIONAL SCALES ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON REGIONAL SCALE CONTINUE BUILDING BASIN- WIDE PARTNERSHOPS

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES EUROPE IMPROVE EARLY WARNING AND EARLY RESPONSE GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disasters IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS EMPOWER POLLITICAL WILL TO CHANGE POLICIES AND PRACTICES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT CREATE A FORUM ON DISAS- TER RISK MANAGEMENT

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES MEDITERRANEAN REGION INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS IN EVERY NATION GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disasters IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS EMPOWER POLITICAL WILL TO CHANGE POLICIES AND PRACTICES TOWARDs SUSTAINABLE SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT CONTINUE IMPROVING PARTNERSHIPS FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES IN EACH REGION TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES IN EACH REGION ASIA IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disasters IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REDUCE ALL URBAN VULNERABILITIES IMPROVE ALL ASPECTS OF DATA MANAGEMENT FORMATION OF CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES THE AMERICAS IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO AVOID DISASTERS AS PART OF LAND-USE PLANNING GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disasters IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO MATCH STRUCTURAL DESIGN WITH HAZARD DEMAND IMPROVE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONE, AND RECOVERY IMPROVE DISASTER SCENARIOS IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION IMPROVE HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION MODELS AND MAPS DEVELOP COMMUNITY REDUCE ALL URBAN VULNERABILITIES IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENTS

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES THE AMERICAS (CONTINUED) IMPROVE MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MODELS TO MANAGE RISK GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disasters IMPROVE THE NEXT GENERATION OF BUILDING CODES AND STANDARDS IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF INTERACTION OF HAZARD AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS INCREASED COLLECTION AND SHARING OF KNOWLEDGE IMPROVE DATA COLLECTION AND MANAGEMENT IMPROVE PROCESS FOR SHARING KNOWLEDGE AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES ENHANCING MULTIPLE EFFORTS IN CAPACITY BUILDING CLOSE “IMPLEMENTATION GAP “

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES INNOVATIVE IMPLEMENTATION IS THE KEY OUTREACH BY KNOWLEDGE PRODUCING ORGANIZATIONS GOAL: Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS FOR EVERYONE ! COUNTER-DISASTER TRAINING OF RESPONSIBLE PERSONS PUBLIC AWARENESS TO GAIN SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINED IMPLEMENTATION COORDINATED BUSINESS POLICIES AND PRACTICES COORDINATED GOVERNMENT POLICES, PRACTICES, AND LEGISLATION IMPROVED TRANS-BORDER LINKAGES BETWEEN COUNTRIES IMPROVED LEVERAGING OF EXISTING INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS COMMINICATION!

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IS A “24/7” EFFORT PREVENTION (CONTROL THE SOURCE) PROTECTION (BUILD TO WITHSTAND) LAND-USE CONTROL (AVOIDANCE) PREVENTION (CONTROL THE SOURCE) PROTECTION (BUILD TO WITHSTAND) LAND-USE CONTROL (AVOIDANCE)

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IS A “24/7” EFFORT MONITORING (FACILITATES EARLY WARNING, EVACUATION, AND INTERVENTION TO PROTECT PEOPLE AND PROPERTY)