The land that is now known as Israel has been occupied by many different groups of people including the ancient Egyptians, Israelites, Greeks, Persians, Romans, as well as the Crusaders, Turks, & British The land has been fought over for thousands of years because of its geographical and religious importance Today, Israelis (Jews) have control over this region and only allow limited control by the Palestinians in certain areas (Gaza Strip & West Bank)

In 1948, the Jewish state of Israel was created as a homeland for the Jews (following World War II and the Nazi Holocaust) Prior to that time the area was called Palestine and was home to Arab Muslims, called Palestinians, who were forced to leave Many became refugees in surrounding countries like Jordan when Israel was established. Some also live in the West Bank and Gaza Strip regions that are governed by Israel. This has led to years of conflict between the Palestinian Arabs & Jews

Due to the harsh, dry desert climate, Israelis, Palestinians, Jordanians, & Syrians all depend on the waters of the Jordan River. Looking at this picture, what major natural resource do you think has caused conflict in this area of the Middle East?

Jerusalem was founded by David in 1003 BC and established as the homeland of the Jews until they were exiled in 586 BC. However, Jews have lived in this area since that time. It is the location of many important religious sites, such as the Western Wall or “Wailing Wall” (the only remaining part of Solomon’s Temple) The city is also associated with many important Jewish characters such as Abraham, David, Solomon & others. Israel is a symbolic place to Jews because they believe it is the land that was given to them by God.

Jerusalem is the site of the Prophet Mohammed’s ascension into heaven It is the third holiest city, after Mecca & Medina, to Muslims, and it is the location of religious sites such as the Dome of the Rock Jerusalem is also connected to Abraham, David and Jesus, who are all prophets mentioned in the Quran. Many important Muslim leaders were buried here Arabs have occupied this land for hundreds of years

Current Situation

Connected to Israel are two turbulent areas called the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Palestinians have limited control in these areas Jewish settlers occupy this area, which upsets many Palestinians Unemployment here is high, and the economy struggles

Israelis claim that they have a right to settle in this area They also argue that it is necessary to maintain a military presence here to protect themselves against Palestinian attacks Imagine living next door to your greatest enemy.

Since 1947, there have been 5 major wars over this land The economies of both Israel and Palestine are negatively affected by conflict, especially during times of increased violence Other countries such as the US have become involved in the conflict, causing tension between those who support Israel & those who support the Palestinians Many civilians, including children, have been killed on both sides

Children

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