 Flora and fauna  National parks and sanctuaries  Chemical industries  Alternative sources of energy

About the state: Madhya pradesh is often called the ‘heart of india’ is a state in central india. Its capital is bhopal. Madhya Pradesh was originally the largest state in India until November 1, 2000 when the state of Chhattisgarh was carved out. It borders the states Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan..

FLORA AND FAUNA OF THE STATE : :

FLORA: The Flora of Madhya Pradesh province in India, is very rich and diverse. Central, eastern and southern parts of the state are forested, whereas northern and western parts are deficient in forest. Variability in climatic and edaphic conditions brings about significant difference in the forest types and flora of the state. There are four important forest types: Tropical Moist, Tropical Dry, Tropical Thorn, and Subtropical broadleaved Hill forests. Based on composition, there are three important forest formations namely Teak forest, Sal forest and Miscellaneous Forests. Bamboo bearing areas are widely distributed in the state. Following is the list of trees and plants found in Madhya Pradesh.

FAUNA: The Central Indian (MADHYA PRADESH) constitutes of some major interesting mammals: Tiger, Leopard, Bison, Indian Wolf, Hyena, Jackal, Wild Dog, Swamp deer, Sambar, Chittal, Sloth bear, Barking and Four Horned deer, Nilgai, Chinkara and Mouse deer. Lesser mammals like civet cats, porcupine and ratel are less seen as they are nocturnal in nature. Birdlife is rich in protected areas like popular tiger reserves and Nauradehi WLS. MP has diverse habitats that make wildlife watching interesting. The extensive grasslands, large wetlands, dense forests and rivers support myriad forms of wildlife. The state has abundant species of snakes and turtles. These eco heavens are home to myriad forms of insects and colorful butterflies and dragon flies.

NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES: Kanha and Bandhavgarh national parks have been very famous national parks around the world. The king of the forest may be easily sighted at Kanha and Bandhavgarh. Equally at home in the Jungles of Kanha and Bandhavgarh is the Gaur who does not fear the tiger. Another native is the Barasingha the only swamp deer who has adapted to hard ground. Chitals (spotted deer) can be sighted in hundreds. Sloth Bear, the leopard and the buffalo Colorful bird.are much less common. At times one is surprised that wild life has survived so well despite the decades of senseless slaughter indulged in by the so-called big game hunters. Many of the princes marked out areas as their personal hunting reserves: Shivpuri near Gwalior for instance, which has served in recent years as the nucleus of the wild life park and where Madhav National park is particularly rich in many species of deer and famous for its white (albino tic) tigers. Pench National park is also an upcoming national park in Madhya Pradesh.

NATIONAL PARKS AND THEIR FAUNA: Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Pench, Panna, and Satpura National Park are managed as project tiger areas. Sardarpur sanctuary in Dhar and Sailana are managed for conservation of kharmor or Lesser Florican. Ghatigaon sanctuary is managed for Great Indian Bustard or Son Chiriya. National Chambal Sanctuary is managed for conservation of gharial and Crocodile, River dolphin, smooth-coated otter and a number of turtle species. Ken-gharial and Son-gharial sanctuaries are managed for conservation of gharial and mugger. Barasingha is the state animal and Dudhraj is the state bird of Madhya Pradesh.

OTHER NATURAL RESERVES: There are also a number of natural preserves, including Amarkantak, Patalkot, Bagh Caves, Bhedaghat, Bori Natural Reserve, Ken Gharial, Ghatigaon, Kuno Palpur, Narwar, Chambal, Kukdeshwar, Narsinghgarh, Nora Dehi, Pachmarhi, Panpatha, Shikarganj, and Tamia. There are also a number of natural preserves, including Amarkantak, Patalkot, Bagh Caves, Bhedaghat, Bori Natural Reserve, Ken Gharial, Ghatigaon, Kuno Palpur, Narwar, Chambal, Kukdeshwar, Narsinghgarh, Nora Dehi, Pachmarhi, Panpatha, Shikarganj, and Tamia.

CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, it converts raw materials (oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals) into more than 70,000 different products.

Alternative sources of energy :  Alternative energy is any energy source that is an alternative to fossil fuel. These alternatives are intended to address concerns about such fossil fuels.  The nature of what constitutes an alternative energy source has changed considerably over time, as have controversies regarding energy use. Today, because of the variety of energy choices and differing goals of their advocates, defining some energy types as "alternative" is highly controversial.

COMMON TYPES OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Solar energy is the generation of electricity from the sun. It is split up into two types, thermal and electric energy. These two subgroups mean that they heat up homes and generate electricity respectively. Wind energy is the generation of electricity from the wind. Geothermal energy is using hot water or steam from the Earth’s interior for heating buildings or electricity generation. Biofuel and Ethanol are plant-derived substitutes of gasoline for powering vehicles. Nuclear binding energy uses nuclear fission to create energy. Hydrogen is used as clean fuel for spaceships, and some cars.

MADE BY LOVELEEN KAUR CLASS-9B ROLL NO- 24 SUBJECT- SCIENCE ( ISA PROJECT)

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