Media

Division of mediamedia

Introduction Television viewing: 3.5 hours/day (including videotapes) 97+% of Britain ’ s households: ownership of a color television 73%: ownership of a videocassette recorder (VCR) A radio/home 70%: listening to radio on a daily basis.

UK Television 1 The BBC networks 2 The commercial networks 3 Cable 4 Digital 5 Teletext and interactive services 6 Regulation 1 The BBC networks 2 The commercial networks 3 Cable 4 Digital 5 Teletext and interactive services 6 Regulation

British National broadcasters: Public broadcasting BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) 2 national television channels (with national and regional sub- divisions) 5 national radio stations Cable and digital TV channels 40+ local radio stations Global enterprises in both television and radio, & a broadcast monitoring service Europe's most visited content web site

BBC Channels: BBC One, BBC Two, BBC Three, BBC Four, CBBC, CBeebies, BBC News 24 and BBC ParliamentBBC OneBBC TwoBBC ThreeBBC FourCBBCCBeebiesBBC News 24BBC Parliament Platform: digital (all) & analogue (BBC 1 & BBC 2) Fund: television licence (also P242) Global broadcasting: BBC World, BBC Food and BBC Prime

British National broadcasters: Private broadcasting Independent Television ITV (the Channel 3 companies): 15 regionally based franchisees — local and national (network) services; GMTV — a breakfast network service; 2 companies — Carlton and Granada (12 franchises) Channel 4: hybrid public service, minority interest service; revenue — advertising sales (Wales, Sianel Pedwar Cymru [S4C]) Channel 5: A fifth terrestrial channel: April 1997; a commercial operation carrying advertising

The main channels BBC 1 - since 1936, general interest programmes. BBC 2 - minority and specialist interests. ITV – (Channel 3 since 1955) approximately 33% informative and 66% light entertainment. Channel 4 - since 1982, 15% educational programmes, encourages innovation and experiment. Channel 5 – since 1997

The content of BBC1-BBC2 programming for BBC1BBC2 News 570 h.100 h. Current affairs 80 h.230 h. Drama Comedy Entertainment Arts and music200 h. Factual500 h. Learning Sport430 h. Religion h.20 h. Events Children ’ s – 400 h.100 h.

10 Greatest British TV programmes Fawlty Towers BBC Fawlty Towers Cathy Come Home (The Wednesday Play) BBC Cathy Come HomeThe Wednesday Play Doctor Who BBC , 1996, Doctor Who The Naked Civil Servant ITV 1975 The Naked Civil Servant Monty Python's Flying Circus BBC Monty Python's Flying Circus Blue Peter BBC Blue Peter Boys from the Blackstuff BBC Boys from the Blackstuff Parkinson BBC1/ITV , Parkinson Yes Minister / Yes, Prime Minister BBC Yes Minister Brideshead Revisited ITV 1981 Brideshead Revisited

Who Regulates BBC & ITV? Before 29 December 2003: The Broadcasting Standards Commission After: Ofcom, the Office of Communications Ofcom: programme content and quality; code of conduct for advertisers BBC: self-regulating; but also under the influence of Ofcom

Basic Principles for Broadcasting What should they be? The Broadcasting Act 1990: standards of decency, accuracy in news coverage, and balanced presentations of controversial topics, encouraging more competition The Broadcasting Act 1996: new digital technologies in broadcasting

Basic Principles for Broadcasting Impartial and neutral in dealing with social and political affairs (p244) Entertaining, informing and educating the nation ( p250 ) In one evening of visual and emotional splendor, he educated, enlightened and entertained us all. In doing so, Zhang secured himself a place in world history. (by Steven Spielberg)

Radio The BBC national radio networks BBC World Service Radio Independent national radio services (classical music, rock music, and talk radio), 240+ independent local radio services

Type of station Analogue MW (AM) Analogue FM (VHF) Total analog ue 1 DAB Digital Radio Total analogue and DAB 1 Local commercial UK-wide commercial BBC UK- wide networks BBC Local and Nations Total

The most popular British radio stations Clare FM Anna Livia Live 95 Welsh Radio International Imperial College radio Capital FM BBC Radio 2

The Press

Introduction (P257) The 18th and 19th centuries: industrialisation The 18th century: newspaper readership -- the upper classes and wealthier sections of the middle class a great deal of govern-mental control The French Revolution (1789): ideas of social reform and social justice The Trade Unions

Types of Newspapers -- Range 10 major national dailies papers + 10 major Sunday papers + 2,000 smaller weeklies Also: Provincial Mornings, Local Evenings, Local weeklies, Political Press, Community Press, etc

Historically grouped into mass market tabloids: (eg The Sun)The Sun middle-market tabloids (eg the Daily Mail)Daily Mail quality broadsheets (eg The Times)The Times

Mass market tabloids The Sun, Daily Star, Daily Sport The Sun Page Three Girl 'StarBirds' Close link with the porno industry

Middle market tabloids Daily Mail, Daily Express A very different readership - that of affluent women Weekend supplements, sports supplements The Daily Mail: Right-wing agenda Former owner Lord Northcliffe: its formula is to give his readers a 'daily hate‘.

Quality Broadsheets—and Quality Compacts The Times, UK’s oldest national newspaper, not the most popular The Daily Telegraph (the Daily Torygraph) The Independent, The Guardian, The Financial Times

TabloidTabloid? Broadsheet? October 2003, quality broadsheet The Independent: a compact edition - tabloid sized - along with the main broadsheet sized newspaper—sales: up by 20%The Independent The Times: compact form The Times Now: both exclusively available in compact form The Guardian: a mid-size format between tabloid and broadsheet—the 'Berliner' The Guardian

Circulation of some National Dailies

TabloidTabloid? Broadsheet? Sales: mass-market tabloids↑ 4 four times -- the broadsheets↓ ‘The London Times’? Never existed (the title) The Daily Telegraph may go tabloid. Should it? The Daily Telegraph

Who Reads What? (P261) Why? Social class Political stance Educational background Personal concern Personal interest

British Newspapers—political learning The Daily Telegraph (daily quality newspaper): The Daily Mail (daily mid-market newspaper): The Financial Times (daily quality newspaper): The Times (daily quality newspaper): The Sunday Times (weekly quality newspaper): The Sun (daily popular newspaper): The Independent (daily quality newspaper): The Daily Mirror (daily popular newspaper): The Guardian (daily quality newspaper): Conservative Liberal-socialist

The Code of Advertising Practice Advertising in the press has to conform to certain standards of the Code of Advertising Practice. The Code’s basic principles require adverts to be: legal, honest and truthful to observe a sense of responsibility to the consumer and society to conform to the principles of fair competition as generally accepted in business

Paparazzi Snaparazzi snapshot + paparazzi

BBC article definition -- The word 'paparazzi' is used to describe celebrity photographer -- The term paparazzi word is derived from the name of a character called Paparazzo in Federico Fellini's La Dolce Vita (1960). -- After the movie was released, the word paparazzi became synonymous with intrusive photographers who chase the stars. -- The word 'paparazzi' literally means 'buzzing insects'.

Citizen paparazzi, cameraphone paparazzi — their power Anyone, anytime, anywhere "Armed with cameraphones, any ordinary Joe can become a paparazzo. (The Guardian) where cameras used to be precluded Cash incentives Mounting number of pictures (accidents, robberies, etc.) Snappies, Nokia Nazis

Platform usage

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