100 Years’ War By Emily Prey and Colleen Rooney

Basic Info  Lasted  England vs. France  4 phases

Cause  Major cause: rivalry between King Philip VI of France and King Edward III of England  Charles IV, king of France, died and left no heirs to his throne.  Edward believed that he should be king of France because he was the nephew of Charles IV.  Philip believed that he should be king because he was the cousin of Charles IV.

King Edward III King Philip VI Charles IV

Before the Hundred Years’ War Started

Phase 1  Battle of Sluys- England won major victory at sea  Truce between two countries lasted two years  Battle of Crécy- English army defeated French army three times their size  Edward conquered Calais in 1346

Phase 1 (cont.)  Both England and France unable to fight over the next several years because of the Black Plague  In 1355, Edward led army across English Channel to France  Battle of Poitiers- King John II of France and his son were captured and taken to England  Treaty of Bretigny- English in Aquitaine were increased and France recognized English control of Calais and Ponthieu. John II was returned

Phase 2  Began with the death of John II, King of France.  He was succeeded by Charles V  Charles V throughout his reign defeated England and regained control of Aquitaine  England lost at Poitiers, Poitou, and La Rochelle.  French made raids on English coastal cities

Phase 2 (cont.)  Charles V, Edward III, and his son Edward Prince of Wales died  A peasant revolt in England ensued and King Richard II took back his promise to help them  In 1396 the Truce of Paris was arranged for the next thirty years between Richard II and Charles VI

Before the

Phase 3  England attacked Normandy in 1415  By 1419, England had captured Harfleur and Rouen  French government signed Treaty of Troyes  Gave up control of northern France  King Henry V (English King) became heir to the French throne  King Henry VI King of England and France

Phase 3 (cont.)  Charles VII recognized as king in southern France  English win battles in Cravant, Verneuil, and St. James  Joan of Arc convinced the French army that they needed to defeat the English and get them off of French soil because it was God’s wish

Joan of Arc   Believed she heard the voice of God telling her to go and help king Charles VII of France claim his throne.  She is remembered as a national hero for leading the French military to several crucial victories  She was captured and found guilty of heresy by the English. She was burned at the stake in 1431 in Rouen. Charles VII did not come to her aid.

Phase 4  England lost control of Paris, Normandy, and Guienne  England recovered Bordeaux in 1452, but then lost it a year later  The war ended with Bordeaux falling to the French in 1453

Results/Impact  England’s government bankrupt  Lancastrian Dynasty disgraced  For the French, the war united the country and began the decline of feudalism

Works Cited     king-of-england-during published-in.html king-of-england-during published-in.html      