Chapter 4 Creating a Documentary Using Premiere Pro and Audition CS6

Transferring and Importing Video The documentary is a broad category that describes videos meant to document history. Capturing occurs when you connect a live video camera or an analog tape device, such as a camcorder or VCR that uses videotape, to your computer and you then record the video from the source to a hard disk. The process of converting analog video to digital form is called digitizing, and is done so that a computer can process and store it.

Transferring and Importing Video Importing video is different from capturing video. Digital video cameras that do not use video tape are called tapeless or file-based. It is possible to edit the assets on file-based media by attaching the camera to the computer.

Transferring and Importing Video AVCHD (advanced video codec high definition) is a format developed by Sony and Panasonic for recording and playback of high definition video. It is used in their tapeless video cameras, which record directly to either SD memory cards or hard disk drives.

Transferring and Importing Video Once you have transferred video files from your file-based media you then need to import the files into Premiere Pro to make them available to be used.

Transferring and Importing Video The Media Browser not only allows you to locate your files more quickly by allowing you to see the structure of your drives and folders, but it filters the folders and files for you by displaying only the video clips.

Viewing file-based media on the Media Browser AVCHD file-based media Transferring and Importing Video

A sequence may contain different types of assets with different file formats. Premiere Pro performs best if the sequence parameters are set to match the settings for most of the assets that are in the sequence. Use a preset that conforms to the specifications of your original assets to preserve editing quality.

Transferring and Importing Video The preset you choose sets the frame and pixel aspect ratios for the sequence. It is important to choose a preset that most closely matches the parameters of your asset.

Viewing the parameters of an external clip Image size Frame rate Pixel Aspect Ratio External clip Transferring and Importing Video

Viewing the parameters for a clip on the Project panel File on Project panel Transferring and Importing Video

Editing Video Trimming is an editing procedure in which you define In and Out points for a video clip. In and Out points are created on the Source Monitor by using the CTI on the time ruler and the Mark In and Mark Out buttons.

Editing Video Once a clip is trimmed, it can be placed in a sequence on the Timeline. Clips that have been placed in a sequence on the Timeline panel can also be viewed on the Source Monitor.

Source Monitor Mark In button Go to In button Go to Out button Insert button Overwrite button Mark Out button Editing Video

The Source menu also provides options to clear either the selected clip or all the clips from the Source Monitor.

Source menu Selected clip Editing Video

An edit that involves shifting content to make room for a clip is known as an insert edit. The Sync Lock feature retains the relationship between clips in multiple tracks. If you have clips on multiple tracks, and Sync Lock is enabled, the contents of the other tracks also shift to the right by the length of the inserted clip.

Insert button with Sync Lock enable Enabled Sync Lock Inserted clip Gap created because of Sync Lock Editing Video

The Overwrite button places the clip from the Source Monitor over the existing clip, replacing what is already there for the duration of the placed clip.

Using the Overwrite button with Sync Lock disabled Disabled Sync Lock Overlay clip Editing Video

Making an edit using the Overwrite button is referred to as an overlay edit. Editing can be done on the Timeline panel directly on the sequence by using tools from the Tools panel. If you want to trim a video clip’s In point or Out point, use the Selection tool.

Using the Trim-in icon on the Timeline panel Trim-in icon Tool tip Editing Video

The Ripple Edit tool can be used to adjust the cut between two clips; this type of edit is called a ripple trim. A ripple trim can move the cut point either backward or forward in time, but only if the clip has frames available.

Editing Video Once you have trimmed your clips you may decide to rearrange their order. In a rearrange edit, you click and drag a clip to a new location in the sequence.

Performing a rearrange edit Where clip will be placed Rearrange edit icon Number of times clip is being moved Editing Video

Premiere Pro allows you to assign your own custom keyboard shortcut to almost any menu command, button, or tool. Premiere Pro does not have keyboard shortcuts like After Effects does to trim clips on a sequence. You can create your own keyboard shortcuts in the Keyboard Customization dialog box on the Edit menu.

Creating a keyboard shortcut Edit button Type [ here Editing Video

Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects If you need to remove a portion of a clip that is not either at the beginning or at the end, you can use the Razor tool to split the clip. The point that you split the clip is called the cut point.

Using the Razor tool Tool tip Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects

To remove the gap that is left between the remaining clips, use the Ripple Delete command; this shifts the clips to the left, removing the empty space.

Using the Ripple Delete command Disabled Sync Lock Locked track Cuts in clip Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects

The Go to Gap command is a convenient way to jump between gaps and to find gaps that are very short and may be difficult to see. This command can be used on a sequence or on a specific track if multiple tracks are being used.

Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects The Extract button on the Program Monitor removes a specified area of the sequence marked with In and Out points without leaving a gap in its place. The Lift button works in a similar manner to the Extract button, removing a specified area of the sequence; however, the Lift button does leave a gap in its place.

Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects The Paste command behaves like an Overlay edit, and the Paste Insert command behaves like an Insert edit.

Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects You can nest sequences within sequences to create complex groupings. Sequences can be nested inside one another whether or not they share the same presets. However, you cannot nest a sequence inside itself.

Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects Nesting sequences can also be used as an organizational tool. If your movie is too large, you can break it down into manageable parts with sequences.

A nested sequence in a sequence Reenactment footage Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects

A nested sequence adds an empty audio track to the Timeline even when your sequence has no audio associated with it. The Drag Video Only icon on the Source Monitor allows you to nest the sequence without the empty audio track.

Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects Premiere Pro has many effects available which include the ability to: – change the exposure or color of footage – distort images – remove the background – adjust lighting affects – apply the Black & White effect

Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects You can apply any number of effects to a clip by selecting the effect on the Effects panel and dragging the effect icon to a clip on the Timeline panel.

Effect Controls panel Effect without adjustments Effect with adjustments Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects

There are many transitions to choose from, but most professionals use only simple cuts and crossfades. Using too many transitions can be distracting and can affect the flow of the video.

Working with Advanced Editing & Video Effects Consider the following when you choose a transition: – Does the transition fit with the story you are trying to tell? – Do the clips work well together with the transition? – Is the transition confusing? – What do you hope to achieve with the transition?

Editing Audio In Audition If you have either the Master Collection or Production Premium Suite installed—both of which include Audition—you can apply the Edit in Adobe Audition command to an audio clip from Premiere Pro. The Edit in Audition command can be applied to an audio clip from either the Project panel or the Timeline panel.

Edit in Adobe Audition Edit in Adobe Audition command Editing Audio In Audition

When editing an audio clip in Audition you have two options: clip and sequence. – The clip option makes edits to a selected clip from either the Project panel or the Timeline panel. – The sequence option allows you to take all clips from a sequence, including any cut lines or just a specified range of time.

Editing Audio In Audition Transitions are also available for audio in Premiere Pro to add fade-in or fade-out effects. Crossfades are audio transitions that fade into or fade out of audio clips. A crossfade is created between two adjoining clips on the same audio track.

Audio transitions Crossfades Editing Audio In Audition

A fade-in or fade-out effect is created by placing a crossfade transition on either end of a single clip. There are three types of crossfades: – Constant Gain – Constant Power – Exponential Fade

Editing Audio In Audition The Constant Gain crossfade can sound abrupt because it changes the audio at a constant rate in and out as it transitions between clips.

Constant Gain crossfade Constant Gain Editing Audio In Audition

The Constant Power crossfade is the default transition. It is analogous to the Dissolve transition between video clips because of the way that it creates a smooth, gradual transition between audio clips.

Constant Power crossfade Constant Power Editing Audio In Audition

The Constant Power transition works by decreasing the audio for the first clip slowly and then more quickly towards the end of the transition while increasing the audio for the second clip quickly at first and then more slowly toward the end of the transition.

Editing Audio In Audition The Exponential Fade transition fades out the first clip and fades up the second clip.

Editing Audio In Audition Premiere Pro can convert the spoken word in an audio file into text transcripts. Text transcripts can be used to create closed captioning, or as a way to quickly navigate through video or audio clips by searching on the spoken words. In both applications, the Metadata panel is used to initiate the transcription process and to display the transcript when the process is complete.

Editing Audio In Audition An XMP metadata file is generated and shared between all of the Video Suite applications when the transcript is created. Metadata includes the text transcript and can also include any additional information, such as the title, author, camera model, and date and time the video or image was taken.

Metadata panel with transcribed text Transcribed text Metadata panel Editing Audio In Audition

In most cases, not all the transcribed words are accurate, and the accuracy depends on the clearness of the speaker and the quality of the audio. The tools in Audition can be used to clean up the audio before initiating the Convert to Speech option.

Editing Audio In Audition In Premiere Pro, you can convert the spoken word to written text by clicking the Analyze button in the Speech Analysis section of the Metadata panel.

Editing Audio In Audition If you are going to edit your source file in Audition from Premiere Pro to convert your audio file to a text transcript, you need to export the speech analysis to generate the XMP metadata file – when you return to your project the text transcript appears on the Metadata panel in Premiere Pro.

Metadata panel Speech Analysis Metadata panel Analyze button Editing Audio In Audition