Alex Richman

 History of Hydrogen Fuel Cells  How They Work  Key Players ◦ Economical ◦ Political  Long Island’s First Hydrogen Fuel Station  Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I)

 Hydrogen fuel cells date back to as early as 1839  First commercial application1955  1991 Roger Billings was the first person to develop a working hydrogen powered car  The Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee (HTAC) was established under Section 807 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ◦ Provides technical and programmatic advice to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Energy

 According to The Guardian, President Obama wants to be oil independent by 2020  According to the Washington Post, Obama wants to cut research in hydrogen by 40%  $187 million dollars devoted. Washington Post says “that's barely enough to cover one year's bonuses on the lower floors at AIG”  Lack of infrastructure

 Automakers ◦ Honda ◦ Toyota ◦ General Motors  Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee (HTAC)  McCormick -“I resigned because of the closed- mindedness of the administration on these matters.”  President Barack Obama

 Key Players ◦ Kate Murray  Town of Hempstead Supervisor ◦ New York State Energy Research Development Authority (NYSERDA) ◦ National Grid ◦ GM, Toyota, Ford ‣Location - Hempstead, Long Island, New York  Expertise required ◦ Urban Development ◦ Hydrogen Fuel Cells ◦ Designing of fueling stations

 Cost of the Project $2.2 million dollars ◦ 50% through tax subsidies ◦ NYSERDA, National Grid ◦ Toyota donated two hydrogen vehicles and Ford donated a Shuttle Bus  Beneficiaries ◦ Car manufacturers ◦ People living in the area ◦ Elderly  Losers ◦ Communities that have not received funding for a fuel station ◦ Taxpayers that wanted their money to be spent elsewhere  Barriers ◦ Funding - took time to get the money due to the financial coverage ◦ Needed a location for the project  Impact ◦ Cleaner Environment ◦ Push for hydrogen vehicles ◦ Push to build a fueling station in Manhattan  Taxi’s run on hydrogen

 Key Players ◦ General Motors ◦ The Gas Company (TGC) ◦ Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism (DBEDT) ◦ U.S. Department of Energy ◦ Fuel Cell Energy ◦ Aloha Petroleum Ltd. ◦ Louis Berger National Renewable Energy Laboratory ◦ The County of Hawaii ◦ University of California – Irvine, and the University of Hawaii  Location ◦ Oahu

 Expertise required ◦ Urban Development ◦ Hydrogen Fuel Cells ◦ Designing of Fuel Station  Funded ◦ GM and The Gas Company ◦ Supported by the DBEDT ◦ U.S. Department of Energy

 Beneficiaries ◦ The Gas Company ◦ GM and other automakers ◦ Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism ◦ People employed by the project  Losers ◦ People that do not want fuel stations to be located near them ◦ Taxpayers that wanted their money to be spent elsewhere ◦ People who will want to purchase a hydrogen vehicle  Barriers ◦ Funding ◦ Need locations for the stations  Impact ◦ Cleaner Environment ◦ Push for hydrogen vehicles ◦ Push to build stations in other parts of Hawaii  Cheaper fuel prices  Reduce the state’s 90 percent dependence on imported oil  Get 70 percent or more of Hawaii’s energy through energy efficiency and clean, renewable resources

 Many barriers that need to be overcome ◦ Funding ◦ Dependence on oil and batteries  Projects are a stepping stone for more infrastructure  Advantages ◦ Reliable, renewable ◦ No CO2 emissions, water byproduct ◦ Hydrogen Vehicles are % efficient ◦ Driving range (400 miles) exceeds other alternative fuel vehicles (less space and weight)  2015

 Need government subsidies  Need to standardize hydrogen fuel station infrastructure  Write letters to congress  Keeping oil prices high and lithium battery prices high  DOE needs to invest more into hydrogen research

 Pictures ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ cells.html ◦ liquid-hydrogen-fueled-v12 ◦ hydrogen-hopes-for-hawaii/ ◦ _fcvt_fotw423.html ◦ islands-first-hydrogen-fuel-station-powers-hempsteads- new-pollution-free-cars-for-inaugural-drive/

 Paper ◦ oil_and_energy/ oil_and_energy/ ◦ /unrestricted/hicknerdissertation.pdf /unrestricted/hicknerdissertation.pdf ◦ ◦ _gm.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2010/Dec/1208_fuelcell _gm.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2010/Dec/1208_fuelcell ◦ finance/articles/2008/01/11/hydrogenfuel-cells finance/articles/2008/01/11/hydrogenfuel-cells ◦ ◦ dyn/content/article/2009/11/16/AR html dyn/content/article/2009/11/16/AR html ◦ mote_hydrogen_cars_obama_administration_remains_skeptical/2011/ 04/13/AFnQ84iD_story.html?wprss=rss_homepage mote_hydrogen_cars_obama_administration_remains_skeptical/2011/ 04/13/AFnQ84iD_story.html?wprss=rss_homepage ◦