Munera, Venationes, Naumachie Roman games Munera, Venationes, Naumachie

the amphitheater An amphitheater is an open-air venue used for entertainment and performances. There are two similar, but distinct, types of structure for which the word "amphitheater" is used: Ancient Roman amphitheaters were large central performance spaces surrounded by ascending seating, and were commonly used for spectator sports; these compare more closely to modern open-air stadiums. They were given this name because their shape resembled that of two theatres joined together.

The Amphitheater Flavio At Roman time Now

THE differences Old Amphitheater New Amphitheater

The munera The origin of gladiatorial combat is open to debate. There is evidence of it in funeral rites during the Punic Wars of the 3rd century BCE, and thereafter it rapidly became an essential feature of politics and social life in the Roman world. Its popularity led to its use in ever more lavish and costly spectacles or "gladiatorial games". Most gladiators fought at two or three munera annually.

The Death In the earliest munera, death was considered the proper outcome of combat. During the Imperial era, matches were sometimes advertised sine missione (without release [from the sentence of death]), which suggests that missio (the sparing of a defeated gladiator's life) had become a common practice at the games. By common custom, the spectators decided whether or not a losing gladiator should be spared, and chose the winner in the rare event of a "standing tie"

Venationes Venatio (Latin "hunt," plural venationes) was a form of entertainment in Roman amphitheatres involving the hunting and slaying of wild animals. Exotic wild beasts from the far reaches of the Roman Empire were brought to Rome and hunts were held in the morning prior to the afternoon main event of gladiatorial duels. The hunts were held in the Roman Forum, the Saepta, and in the Circus Maximus , though none of these venues offered protection to the crowd from the wild animals on display.

The animals Not all the animals were ferocious, though most were. Animals that appeared in the venatio included lions, tigers, elephants, bears, deer, wild goats, dogs, rabbits and camels. Some of these animals were trained and, instead of fighting, performed tricks. Obtaining the animals from the far-flung corners of the empire was an ostentatious display of wealth and power by the emperor or other patron to the populace, and was also meant to demonstrate Roman power of the whole human and animal world and to show the plebs of Rome exotic animals they might never see otherwise.

The naumachie The naumachia in the Ancient Roman world referred to both the re- enactment of naval battles and the in which this took place.The first known naumachia was given by Julius Caesar in Rome in 46 BC on occasion of his quadruple triumph. After having a basin dug near the Tiber, capable of holding actual biremes, triremes and quinqueremes, he made 2000 combatants and 4000 rowers, all prisoners of war, fight, Augustus gave a naumachia based on Caesar's model. A new development occurred during the reign of Nero: a naumachia in an amphitheatre.

The types of ships The trireme derives its name from its three rows of oars on each side, manned with one man per oar. The early trireme was a development of the penteconter, an ancient warship with a single row of 25 oars on each side, and of the bireme, a warship with two banks of oars, probably of Phoenician origin. As a ship it was fast and agile, and became the dominant warship in the Mediterranean from the 7th to the 4th centuries BC, when they were largely superseded by the larger quadriremes and quinqueremes. Triremes played a vital role in the Persian Wars, the creation of the Athenian maritime empire, and its downfall in the Peloponnesian War.

Made by Cristiano, Gianluca, Alessandro, Vittorio The end Made by Cristiano, Gianluca, Alessandro, Vittorio