Medicine & Healing Team Name: 2 Guys & 3 Girls Andy Chang Nancy Avila Brian Rice Dhara Jogani Laune Thomas

Topics Dhara- Allopathic Medicine Brian- Holistic/Empirist Healing Laune- Women in Healing Andy- Women in Medicine Nancy- Takeover Theory in Medicine Andy Chang

Allopathic Medicine Dhara Jogani

Allopathic Medicine Definition Who Practices it? History Types of Treatment (Healing) Various Names Dhara Jogani

Definition The system of therapy based on the concept that disease can be treated with drugs (in minute doses) thought capable of producing the same symptoms in healthy people as the disease itself. Example: common cold. Dhara Jogani

Who Practices it? MDs ( Medical Doctor) Also known as Allopath Surgeons Dhara Jogani

History In 1842, it was coined by Samuel Hahnemann Allos “opposite” and pathos “suffering” 19th century in U.S.A Based on ancient Greek Humoral Theory Dhara Jogani

Types of Treatment Two main types of Treatment include: Surgery Therapy Dhara Jogani

Other Names Conventional Medicine Western Medicine Evidence-based medicine Clinical Medicine Scientific Medicine Regular Medicine Mainstream Medicine Authoritarian Medicine Dhara Jogani

Holistic/Empiricist Medicine The Curing of the whole body Brian Rice

Development of Holistic health Holistic medicine is the curing of the individual parts of the body to make a better whole As far back as 5000 years ago, India and China had stressed the healthy way of life in “harmony” with nature. “for the part can never be well unless the whole is well” –Socrates Brian Rice

You cannot treat only the disease The belief is that under some conditions the medical cures are more harmful than the disease itself. You cannot treat only the disease Brian Rice

Holistic Principles What you consume is what you are. Every part of the body effects each other part, ultimately effecting the whole. Cells are replaced constantly, without the correct building blocks, they cannot become healthy cells Brian Rice

Nicotine, caffeine, sugar, and negative attitudes Majority of illnesses and early death can be traced back to a persons’ lifestyle choices. Nicotine, caffeine, sugar, and negative attitudes All of these things can harm you physically and mentally Brian Rice

How is Holistic Health Practiced? Holistic health focuses on reaching higher levels of wellness The Wellness Continuum Illness Maximum well-being Brian Rice

The far right of the wellness continuum is what is strived for The left is illness, the lack of taking care of oneself. Impossible to reach maximum wellness. Holistic healing is not a quick fix, it instead focuses on the causes of symptoms and how to eliminate them Brian Rice

Historical Goddesses Isis Brigit Ninisinna Ninhursag Women in Healing Historical Goddesses Isis Brigit Ninisinna Ninhursag Laune Thomas

Isis Great Goddess of Egypt Deity of Healing Originated the Science of Medicine Laune Thomas

Brigit Irish Goddess Goddess of healing and medicine Celtic Triple Laune Thomas

Ninisinna Sumerian Goddess Goddess of Healing and the Art of Medicine Patron Goddess of the City of Isin Laune Thomas

Ninursag Summerian Goddess Earth-mother Goddess “Lady of the Foothills” Laune Thomas

Women in Medicine Andy Chang

Elizabeth Blackwell First American women to gain admission to medical school. In 1847, she was accepted to Geneva Medical School in Geneva, New York. Was admitted by accident. Faculty did not want to accept women but the student body put this issue to vote and accepted her. Andy Chang

American Medical Women’s Association (AMWA) First established in 1915. Organization of about 10,000 female physicians and medical students. Founded by Bertha VanHoosen. AMWA’s mission was to advance women in medicine and improve women’s health. Andy Chang

The Takeover in Healing & Medicine A journey to the past in order to understand the reality of the present Nancy Avila

The “Takeover Theory”: A Brief Recap A Decline in the power of women due to: The introduction of Christianity Discovery of male role in procreation The domestication of animals Cults of Domesticity and Invalidism Nancy Avila

Primitive Times and the Role of Women Two Basic Assumptions: Women were the first healers, helping in western and other cultures until the invasion of men. Any remedy, treatment, surgical procedure, or instrument invented before this male takeover can be attributed to a woman or women. Nancy Avila

Evidence of Women’s Early Role Mythology The existence of healing goddesses Arts and Crafts Ancient pots portray the curer as a woman wearing a shawl (South America: Moche people of Peru) Literature and History Clay tablet (earliest medical document in Mesopotamia) records herbal and natural remedies (Women were associated with knowledge of herbal medicine and curative remedies). Nancy Avila

Evidence of Women’s Early Role (cont.) Anthropology/Archaeology Scandinavian women’s graves contain surgical instruments not found in men’s graves Pharmacology In 1962 a study of 175 ancient plants revealed that 64 of them were “physiologically active”. Common Sense Women’s role as caregivers and nurturers Nancy Avila

What Went Wrong? “Witch-Burning Holocaust” Medicine becomes a profession Women are rejected from medical schools Male domination of social and economic position of women Nancy Avila

What Happens Next… Reproductive Takeover Instead of midwives an emergence in male midwives occurs. Obstetrical forceps Women Healer Survivors communicate knowledge to male relatives Paracelsus: Author of more than 300 books on medicine. Males take Control of the History of Medicine Manuscripts were written by men creating historical bias Males are Physicians; Females are nurses Nancy Avila

Primitive Women’s Ideas in Modern Medicine Herbal Plants Early medications contained natural ingredients which modern scientific analysis have shown to be curative such as digitalis and natural antibiotics Dream-Incubation (Early Circum-Mediterranean women) Modern clinical psychologist Karen Hagerman uses technique for treating rape victims Heat Therapy In modern times used for cancer therapy Nancy Avila

Slowly Regaining What Was Lost 1945: Harvard Medical School admits women Nancy Avila

Women in Medicine -- Today 25.2% of US physicians are female 49% of medical school applicants are female 10 deans of US medical schools are female Women physician are in leadership positions throughout the profession and organized medicine 2002 AMA Nancy Avila

Quiz Andy Chang

Question #1 What is Allopathic Medicine? Andy Chang

Question #2 What is Holistic Medicine? Andy Chang

Question #3 Name 2 female historical goddesses in healing and medicine. Andy Chang

Question #4 Who was the first American women to be admitted to medical school? Andy Chang

Question #5 What does AMWA stand for? Andy Chang