Dependency Ratios Definition Comparison between the productive (working)and non-productive (non working) population. Often expressed in non-productive per 100 productive. OLD DEPENDANTS ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE YOUNG DEPENDANTS MALES To the left FEMALES To the right

Non-productive population: Refers to the very old (usually >65 years of age) and the very young (usually <15). Considered to be the “non-productive” segments of society because they are not part of the labour force.

Productive population: Those between 15 and 65 years of age. This portion of the population constitutes the labour force. However, it has now been revised to consider lower than 20 years in developed countries (increasing time spent for education).

How is it Calculated? Ratio of the dependent population (aged 0 to 14 years and 65 years and over) to that of the non-dependent population (working age - 15 to 64 years). 0-14yrs (children) + 65+yrs (Elderly) 15-64yrs (Those of working age) Worked example: UK 2001 (figures in millions) 11.105 + 9.341 38.342 X100 This means that for every 100 people of working age, there were 53.33 people dependent upon them. 53.33 X100

How population pyramids change with development Progressive pyramid – Expanding population Youthful population Ageing population Regressive Pyramid

Your task: This is a timed task. You have 45 minutes to put together a Powerpoint Presentation relating to the problems a high dependency ratio can cause. The groups are as follows: Group 1: Too many under 15s (Alex, Ashna & Beam) Group 2: Too few under 15s (Zain, Mot and Wen Por) Group 3: Too many over 65 (Josh, Dimitri and One) Group 4: Too many over 65 (Nicole & Beam) Group 5: Too many under 15 (Sunny and Busara)

Resources Each group will be allocated 2 lap tops You should use Waugh (pages 12 or 14) depending on which presentation you are doing. You should also include pictures, a population pyramid and some research using the internet. Divide the work equally and be productive.

Structure The first slide should state what you are studying / presenting e.g. ‘Too few under 15’ Second slide should show a calculation for the dependency ratio of a country with these problems (e.g. Italy for Ageing population i.e. Too many over 65). You should also include a labelled population pyramid which shows the problems (http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/pyramids.html ) The next two or three slides should focus on the problems. The last slide should focus on the possible solutions to these problems.

Presentation Once you have finished your presentation, you need to save it to your thumb drive and place on my desk top (Year 10 presentations). I will then pick a group from each category to present their findings to the rest of the groups-So be ready to present and all group members MUST speak After the holidays, I will print the slides so that everyone has a copy of each others work. Good luck!