Properties and Changes Chemistry Properties and Changes

Demo’s Copper II Chloride (Copper Chloride) and Aluminum demo 6Al(s)  +  6CuCl2(s)  +  6H2O(l)  -->  2Al(OH)3(aq) + 4AlCl3(aq) + 6Cu(s) + 3H2(g) Basically I made Hydrogen Gas and turned some of the Aluminum (foil) into Copper. The blue flame that you see indicates that Hydrogen Gas is burning.

Demo’s Zinc and Hydrochloric Acid Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) --> ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) What I did with this reaction is turn Zinc into an aqueous solution of Zinc Chloride and released Hydrogen Gas in the process. The blue flame that you see indicates that Hydrogen Gas is burning.

Demo’s Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Nitrate Ba(OH)2.8H2O(s) + 2NH4NO3(s) + D —> Ba(NO3)2(aq) + 2NH3(aq) + 10H2O(l) This reaction is quite a bit more complicated. But to put it into simple terms, I took two solids – Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Nitrate – and mixed them together. They absorbed the heat (and moisture) in the air to mix together. When it did this, it turns into an aqueous solution with some water and the temperature drops radically.

Demo’s Lighting a Candle Is a combustion reaction Hydrocarbon+ O2(g) ---CO2 + H2O

What in the world isn’t Chemistry Think about it for a minute, and I challenge you to think about one thing that is not some sort of chemical reaction, or some sort of chemistry in this world.

What is Chemistry? From the smallest (atoms) to the largest materials Take our Copper Chloride experiment. I literally took a solid material (Copper Chloride), ripped it apart with water into two groups of ions – Copper and Chloride – and then I took the atoms of Aluminum and swapped it with Copper to make a brand new product – Aluminum Chloride and a solid atom of Copper particles. AMAZING !!!!!

What is Chemistry Study of the structure of matter Atomic or molecular properties and how it affects material properties Study of the changes that matter undergoes (reactions)

Why Study Chemistry? ACTIVITY CHEMISTRY Had a shower Surface Put on Deodorant Biochemistry Put on Makeup Colors Put on Aftershave Fragrances Put on Clothes Polymers Sitting in your chair Polymers that will not break

Doing Chemistry Everyday ACTIVITY CHEMISTRY Made Breakfast Food Ate Breakfast Metabolic Had a Cigarette Drug Travelled on the Bus Combustion Pollution Wrote Notes Surface

Doing Chemistry Everyday ACTIVITY CHEMISTRY Breathing, Biochemistry Thinking Biochemistry Electrochemistry Being Organic Chemistry

Types of Chemistry Organic – Carbon containing molecules Inorganic – Often metals and non-carbon atoms and molecules Physical (Physics) – Mechanisms, energy flow, heat, light, power Analytical – Identification and measurement (my favourite). Lots of math and theory Bio – Chemistry of Life

Better Life Through Chemistry Disinfection of drinking water by chlorine Chemical fertilizers and pesticides Synthetic polymers Fewer cavities (fluoridation of water) Junk food

Better Life Through Chemistry Drugs – Medication Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen

e.g. making water 2 H2(g) + O2(g)  2H2O(g) What are the reaction steps? Is heat released? How fast is this reaction? When molecular hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) are combined and allowed to react together, energy (heat) is released and the molecules of hydrogen and oxygen can combine to form water.

But... Combining the exact same atoms, but with a different ratio we get Hydrogen Peroxide (a weak acid) 2 H2(g) + 2O2(g)  2H2O2(g)

Or even more interesting Chlorine gas – Cl2 is a green and very poisonous gas. It was used in WWI by the Germans against the British army.

But if you mix Chlorine with Urine (the salts in the Urine is what is needed), Sodium, Magnesium, Potassium, Calcium, and basically any other metal, it neutralizes the Chlorine Gas. In fact, we use chlorine to melt ice and to kill bacteria in our pools. Sodium Chloride (a solid) is found in Ice Melt.