1 Leadership Frameworks in Guru Granth Sahib 12 th October 2008 Amardeep Singh

2 LEADERSHIP Role of a Leader? Who is a Leader? Gurmukh – one who has uplifted and empowered the Leader within himself! Defines reality and gives hope. Reality (the way things are) Without reality, there is idealism & no results. Hope (the way things can be) Without hope, there will be follower burn out and revolt. Leadership requires Balance Leadership is not just a Vision or Charisma. Hope makes people Follow & Reality keeps them on track.

3 GOD & CREATION ONE GOD (Creator) Creation GeneratesDestroys Operates NIRGUN Without Attributes (Non distinguishable) Infra-Atomic structure of the five Elements SARGUN With Attributes (Distinguishable) The Five Elements pMj qq PRAVRTTI MARG NIVRTTI MARG Nature Earth Water Fire Air Ether Tamo (Tamasic or Tamas) –Darkness Rajo (Rajasic or Rajas) - Vibrancy Sato (Satvic or Sattva) – Purity Actions of Nature Smell Taste Form Touch Sound

4 SELF UNFOLDMENT Who am I? CHITT (Individual Consciousness) (icq) Mun (Mind) (mn) Buddhi, Matt (Intelligence) (m~q) Ahanka (Ego) (AhMkwr ) VISESA (Power to distinguish) AVISESA (Can’t distinguish) Sooksham Sarir (Subtle body) Invisible body Sthool Sarir (Gross body) Visible body SARIR (Physical body) (SrIr) Karamendriya (organs of action) (krm ieMdrI) Jnaendriya (senses of perception) (jnw ieMdrI) Arms Legs Mouth Genital Excretory I exist because I am Aware! Ears Nose Tongue Eyes Skin

5 MIND, INTELLIGENCE & EGO Gurbani only addresses the Sooksham Sarir (Invisible body). Gurbani is clear that Sthool Sarir needs to be maintained for worldly existence but it it is not the core subject matter of Gurbani.  mn (Mind)- Takes path of least resistance gurm~q (Right Intelligence)  m~q (Intelligence)- Free Will mnm~q (Wrong Intelligence)  AhMkwr (Ego)- Clouds Intelligence (m~q) Mind is like a stray dog. It needs to be tamed to belong to your True Self. Tame it by leveraging right intelligence and be aware of challenges created by Ego. isK`w dw mn nIvW, m~q auic (Mind under control and to be driven by Intelligence).

6 DAS DWAR (Ten Gates) Gurmat doesn’t advocate physical Yogic exercises as means of opening the tenth gate. Action, feedback, reflection and adaptation makes the True Leader (Gurmukh). 1 Invisible Gate (Gate of Realization) Sooksham Sarir (Subtle body) Invisible boby Sthool Sarir (Gross body) Visible body 9 Visible Gates (Entry/Exit Points) 2 Eyes 2 Ears1 Genital1 Mouth1 Excretory Das Dwar (Tenth Gate) Chitt - Awareness based Consciousness 2 Nostrils

7 NOT TIGHT, NOT LOOSE, BUT JUST RIGHT NATURE (Sargun, Nirgun) Actions of Nature Treh Gun (qRh gUn)– Rajo, Sato, Tamo Gun) Sthool Sarir (Gross Body) 5 Organs of action 5 Senses of perception Sooksham Sarir (Subtle Body) Information Processing - Intelligence Ego - Five Thief influence(pMj cor) Desire (kwm), Anger (kRoD), Greed (loB), Infatuation (moh), Pride (AhMkwr) Mind acts Sthool Sarir (Gross Body) Nature Rajo, Sato, Tamo output to Sargun/Nirgun nature. As result, the True Subtle body enjoys pleasure (bhog), affliction (rog) or Gurmat balance (moksa) HUMAN CORPORATION External Market Forces Customer Reactions Information Insights Internal Politics Leader Decision Organization Adaptation Shareholder Benefit

8 WHAT IS DEATH? Is death a physical phenomenon? Gurbani views death as wrong intelligence (m~q) used to manage mind (mn) under influence of Ego (AhMkwr). Death is Consciousness without Awareness. Can there be Leadership without Aware Consciousness?

9 WHAT IS CONSCIOUSNESS? Non Living Plant Animals Human No recognizable response to stimuli. Consciousness exists at atomic level. Slow response to stimuli. Low Consciousness at Gross level. Relatively quick response to stimuli. Higher Consciousness at Gross level. Limited consciousness at Subtle level. Highest level of response to stimuli. Consciousness exists at Gross & Subtle level. Stimuli – At Gross (Sthool) or Subtle (Sooksham) levels

10 HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS ( icq ) Conscious “I” is the True Self and is Subtle. (Dreamer is separate from the dream). True Self is commonly mistaken with Gross physical appearance. States of Human Consciousness in Gurbani. Dreamless Consciousness (Susupti) Dreaming Consciousness (Svapna) Waking Consciousness (Jagrata) Chautha Pad (Turiya Pad) State of Aware Consciousness A Sikh in Chautha Pad is described as a Gurmukh. True Leadership is driven by an “Aware Consciousness”.

11 GURMUKH – LEADS THE MIND ( mn ) With an Aware Consciousness, a Gurmukh leads his Mind. Aware Consciousness (True Self), leads by defining REALITY and giving HOPE. Shabads in Guru Granth Sahib use this very technique to lead our Consciousness. Anchor-Rahao line used to discuss the Gurmat message. Define Reality-Define the worldly Realities in Shabad lines Give Hope - Conclude through Hope in last line of Shabad. Hook, Line & Sinker

12 isrIrwgu mhlw 5 ] sBy Qok prwpqy jy AwvY ieku hiQ ] jnmu pdwrQu sPlu hY jy scw sbdu kiQ ] gur qy mhlu prwpqy ijsu iliKAw hovY miQ ]1] myry mn eyks isau icqu lwie ] eyks ibnu sB DMDu hY sB imiQAw mohu mwie ]1] rhwau ] lK KusIAw pwiqswhIAw jy siqguru ndir kryie ] inmK eyk hir nwmu dyie myrw mnu qnu sIqlu hoie ] ijs kau pUrib iliKAw iqin siqgur crn ghy ]2] sPl mUrqu sPlw GVI ijqu scy nwil ipAwru ] dUKu sMqwpu n lgeI ijsu hir kw nwmu ADwru ] bwh pkiV guir kwiFAw soeI auqirAw pwir ]3] Qwnu suhwvw pivqu hY ijQY sMq sBw ] FoeI iqs hI no imlY ijin pUrw gurU lBw ] nwnk bDw Gru qhW ijQY imrqu n jnmu jrw ]4]6]76] Hook / Anchor Line / Define Reality Sinker / Give Hope Line / Define Reality SHABAD STRUCTURE - Example “Hope to follow Effort” but message we convey to mind is “Effort to follow Gains”.

13 gauVI bYrwgix iqpdy ] (AMg 333 – kbIr jI) aultq pvn ck® Ktu Bydy suriq suMn AnurwgI ] AwvY n jwie mrY n jIvY qwsu Koju bYrwgI ]1] myry mn mn hI aulit smwnw ] gur prswid Akil BeI AvrY nwqru Qw bygwnw ]1] rhwau ] invrY dUir dUir Puin invrY ijin jYsw kir mwinAw ] AlauqI kw jYsy BieAw bryfw ijin pIAw iqin jwinAw ]2] qyrI inrgun kQw kwie isau khIAY AYsw koie ibbykI ] khu kbIr ijin dIAw plIqw iqin qYsI Jl dyKI ]3]3]47] SHABAD STRUCTURE - Practice

14 gauVI bYrwgix iqpdy ] (AMg 333 – kbIr jI) aultq pvn, ck® Ktu Bydy, suriq suMn AnurwgI ] Of what use is the Yogic practice of turning the breath inwards to realize the secret of six chakras in the body, and to fall in love with yourself by focusing consciousness on Void. AwvY n jwie, mrY n jIvY, qwsu Koju bYrwgI ]1] O renunciate, l eave this and instead search the One Primal Lord who does not come or go, who does not die and is neither born. ||1|| myry mn, mn hI aulit smwnw ] My mind make a “U” turn within yourself. Turn away from the negatives. gur prswid Akil BeI AvrY, nwqru Qw bygwnw ]1] rhwau ] By Guru's Grace, my understanding has changed. Else, I was totally ignorant. ||1||Pause|| invrY dUir, dUir Puin invrY, ijin jYsw kir mwinAw ] Negatives (5 Evils), that were near have now moved away and the Lord that was far has now moved near. As one tries to experience him in such a manner one experiences. AlauqI kw jYsy BieAw bryfw, ijin pIAw iqin jwinAw ]2] It is like the sugar water made from the candy; only one who drinks it knows its taste. ||2|| qyrI inrgun kQw, kwie isau khIAY, AYsw koie ibbykI ] Unto whom should I speak about your Nirgun form? I can talk only if I meet a Truly realized person (Bibeki). khu kbIr, ijin dIAw plIqw, iqin qYsI Jl dyKI ]3]3]47] Says Kabeer, as is the fuse you apply, so will be the flash you will see. ||3||3||47|| Translated to English from Giani Harbans Singh’s GGS Darshan Nirnay (conveys correct message by making Rahau as the fulcrum)