Respiratory Effects of Pesticide Exposure

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Presentation transcript:

Respiratory Effects of Pesticide Exposure Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED)

Acute Symptoms Upper respiratory irritation Sneezing Runny nose Rhinitis Scratchy throat Cough Sneezing Runny nose Pulmonary edema Pulmonary consolidation Dyspnea

Upper Respiratory Irritation Naphthalene Paraquat Chloropicrin Acrolein Dichloropropene Ethylene dibromide Sulfur dioxide Sulfuryl fluoride Acrylonitrile Formaldehyde Cadmium dusts ANTU

Sneezing & Runny Nose Sneezing - Sabadilla Runny nose Pyrethrins Inorganic arsenicals Organophosphates insecticides Carbamate insecticides

Pulmonary Edema Methyl bromide Phosphine Phosphorus Ethylene oxide Many chemicals come with a hydrocarbon vehicle, well known to cause pulmonary edema Methyl bromide Phosphine Phosphorus Ethylene oxide Ethylene dibromide Acrolein Pyrethiods Sulfur dioxide Cationic detergents Creosote Methylisothiocyanate Cadmium

Pulmonary Consolidation Paraquat - fibrosis Cadmium dusts Methyl bromide secure.hosting.vt.edu

Dyspnea Nicotine Paraquat ANTU Cadmium dusts Cyanamide Sulfuryl fluoride Pentachlorophenol Methyl bromide Sulfur dioxide Chloropicrin

Other Respiratory Problems Only a few pesticides are ‘sensitizers’ causing allergic reactions along with OTHER triggers dusts, pollens, animals, diesel, molds, grains, hay, disinfectants Organophosphates and carbamates inhibit cholinesterase resulting in Constriction of the bronchial tubes Increased secretions Difficulty in breathing

Chronic Respiratory Problems Insecticide related wheezing with*: parathion (NR) Chlorpyriphos (Lorsban/Dursban) malathion (MAXIDE) Herbicide related wheezing with*: paraquat Atrazine (Shotgun…95 labels) Alachlor (Lasso) chlorimuron ethyl (NR) EPTC (EPTAM, ERADICANE) *Source: Hoppin JA et al (2006). Pesticides and Adult Respiratory Outcomes in the Agricultural Health Study. Ann. New York Academy of Sciences. 1076:343-354.

Chronic Bronchitis in Farm Women and Pesticides Insecticides Dichlorvos DDT Herbicides Cyanazine Paraquat Fumigant methyl bromide Controlling for: Smoking 2nd hand smoke Asthma Usual suspects: dust, solvents, manure Applying manure, driving combines, independently associated. Off farm solvents, dusts, gasoline, asbestos. > 120 days use in their lifetimes. No association to overall use but with these specific products. Chronic bronchitis definition= productive cough and phlegm >3 months in each of 2 successive years. Cases were MD defined. Source: Valcin M, et al. Chronic bronchitis among nonsmoking farm women in the agricultural health study. J Occup Environ Med. 2007 May;49(5):574-83.