Orchestra By Roksana

Percussion Family Percussion: Membranophones: Rhythm: Idiophones: These are instruments designed to make sounds when hit with a stick or hands. Rhythm: Percussion instruments are in charge of this. Drums support the musical piece and keeps the time. Beat (in music): Heart beat of the song, it’s steady and continuous. Membranophones: Snare, drum, bongos and timpani. An instrument that has a stretched membrane or drum head covering the hollow shell. Idiophones: Xylophones, triangles, maracas. Instruments without membrane that creates sound when the instrument itself is made to vibrate. Mallet: Or stick. Causes instrument to vibrate and make a noise.

Brass Family Wind Instrument: Purse (VERB): Brass:- long metal tubes Any instrument you play by Blowing through it. Purse (VERB): To play a brass instrument, lips have to be pursed to create a kind of buzzing noise. Vibrate: Lips do this. Hold lips together tightly to make a high pitched buzz, relax lips to make low pitched sounds. Pitch (in music): The longer the tube, the lower the pitch. It also depends on the tubes width. Brass:- long metal tubes Instruments made from this don’t necessarily belong to this family. Tone (in music): Buzzing lips against mouthpiece causes the tube and air inside to vibrate, causing a clear tone. Valve:- Trumpet, tuba & French horn. Player changes pitch of notes by pressing down on a series of this. Tuba: Hits the lowest note and sits on the musicians lap. Bugle: Natural bass instrument-has neither slides or valves so has limited range of notes. Trombone: Slide instrument-player slides long tube up and down allowing smooth change of notes.

Woodwind Instruments Woodwinds: Edge-blown: Single-reed: Mouthpiece: These instruments are not all made Flutes and recorders are these types of instruments. Air is blown over a edge in the mouthpiece. out of wood, but require wind to make a noise. These are basically tubes with holes in it. For example: Single-reed: flutes, saxophones, oboes and clarinets Clarinets and saxophones are these types of instruments. They have a single reed in their mouthpiece which vibrates to get the air inside the instrument moving. are all woodwind instruments. Mouthpiece: To make music, air is blown into the instrument through this, also a reed. Double-reed: These types of instruments would The oboe uses this and produces even more vibration. All woodwind instruments have a series of notes running down its length. Playing these instrument is harder then it looks. not be able to be played without this. Reed: If the woodwind instrument has this it is often made out of bamboo type of wood. It is the vibrating air produced inside the instrument, blown through the reed within the mouthpiece, that makes the sound.

String Instruments Plucked: Bowed: Lyre: Struck: Bow: Resonator: When string is flicked with thumb, This technique is when the string is rubbed over and played using a bow. Orchestral instruments: violin, viola, cello, double bass-from highest to lowest pitch. finger or small piece of plastic. Pitch is changed by pressing on neck in different places, using the technique. Lyre: Struck: The oldest kind of stringed instrument-popular with the ancient Greeks. The harp is another example of an old string instrument. Within the piano, when the key is pressed a felt hammer hits one of the strings to produce a sound. Lower pitched strings- longer and thicker. Higher pitched- shorter and thinner. Bow: A strong, flexible stick of horsehair stretched onto it. It is rubbed with resin to produce friction. Resonator: Strings are nearly always joined onto this. Hollow structure usually made of wood or metal. It amplifies the sound waves from the vibrating strings making the sound louder and fuller.