We use chemicals to mask or prevent unpleasant body odors and sweat. There are two kinds of sweat- eccrine and apocrine. Eccrine sweat, produced in eccrine.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Neil Watson The Body Shop
Advertisements

Dermis & Accessory Structures (Hair, Glands, Nails)
Antiperspirants: they are astringents aimed to reduce the amount of both accrine and apocrine sweat secretions. * They are considered to have a coagulating.
From your HEAD to your FEET!
Antiperspirants and Deodorants Instructor: Ms. Yassen Qawasmi Prepared by : Wala’ Abu-3isheh Bayyan Dwayyat.
Cosmetics Lecture 9.
Antiperspirants and Deodorants. Formulation Examples and Forms of Applications: 1.Aerosols: Active ingredients + liquid gas {as propellants} placed into.
Sweat Sweat is the watery fluid produced and excreted by the sweat gland. Sweat glands; They are simple tubular glands found in almost every part of the.
Taking Care of Our Teeth
1 Antiperspirants and Deodorants Odor Sebaceous glands Sweat glands Sebum = cholesterol, its esters, palmitic, stearic acid and their esters) Perspiration.
Section 2 Water and Solutions
THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM CHAPTER 5. THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Largest organ in the body 10% of body weight Skin and associated structures.
Chemistry of Life Nature of Matter Matter- Anything that has Mass and Volume Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical.
Skin Appendages These appendages come from the epidermis and help maintain the body’s homeostasis. Cutaneous glands Sebaceous glands Sweat glands Hair.
Chapter 23 Respiration and Excretion. Excretory System Many different chemical changes take place in cells. – As these changes take place waste products.
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Marsh. QUICK FACTS:  Largest organ of the body  Complex structure  Functions:  Regulates body temperature  Protects  Makes.
Identify the role of the skin
SWEAT WHAT IS IT?. Why do we sweat? Sweating is our bodies way of regulating its body temperature. We have two different types of sweat glands.
UNIT A: Cell Biology Chapter 2: The Molecules of Cells: Sections 2.3, 2.4 Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function Chapter 4: DNA Structure and Gene Expression.
Chemical effect of electric current How things work.
The Chemistry of Life Biology: Chapter Two. Atoms An atom is the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means Consists of 3 particles.
For Quiz 2c. Biochemistry The study of the chemical composition and reactions of living matter.
Reversible Reactions and Equilibrium
Evaporation. Learning objectives At the end of this presentation the students will be able to: Explain the phenomenon of evaporation State the factors.
Types of Burns Thermal Chemical Electrical Energy (laser, welding, etc.
The Excretory System. Write the BLACK Read the RED.
BODY ODOR By: Boston. WHAT CAUSES BODY ODOR  Eccrine or Apocrine glands produce sweat. While we wear sock or shoes, it is more difficult for the sweat.
Lesson Overview 30.2 Food and Nutrition.
The Integumentary System “Body coverings”. Parts of the system 1.Skin 2.Hair 3.Nails.
Skin Accessories and Appendages
Physical properties  can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being studied. The following physical properties can be used to.
The Integumentary System
Objectives – What you will need to know from this section The Excretory System in the Human  Explain the role of the excretory system in homeostasis.
CHAPTER 2 VOCABULARY Define the 20 vocabulary words from pages 31 – 42 Words are due Monday Quiz Tuesday.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Appendages of the Skin Cutaneous glands are all exocrine glands – Sebaceous glands – Sweat glands Hair Hair follicles Nails.
After a rain,why does the water on the ground dry up?
Mostly everyone sweats from now and then, but why do we sweat? Our bodies are able to adapt to different environments very quickly. One way our body adapts.
Integumentary System Skin, Hair, and Nails. Layers of the Skin!!! FIRST the EPIDERMIS… 1.Stratum Corneum- Outer layer of epidermis. Made of hard nonliving.
The average person has 2.6 million sweat glands in their skin! Sweat glands are distributed over the entire body -- except for the lips, nipples and external.
What’s Your Function? Looking at the skin!. Why is Your Skin Important? Cover the body & prevents water loss. Protects from injury & infection. Helps.
EXCRETION. - is the process of removing metabolic wastes (metabolic means it has entered the body cells)
Biochemistry Blank A little chemistry in Biology.
Taking Good Care of Ourselves: Personal Hygiene
 Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition in which a person sweats excessively and unpredictably. Primary Focal Hyperhidrosis: Occurs on very specific areas.
Chapter Melanin  Two forms: brown-black & pink-red  Made by melanocytes  Only found in deeper layers of epidermis  Freckles & moles = local.
THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM C14L3 HUMAN SKIN. Integumentary System skin hair nails.
The Skin? What does it do?. What is skin? Skin is the largest organ of the body It gives a tough, flexible covering to the body Divided into 3 main sections.
Water and Solutions Section 2-2. Water is a Major Component of Cells 70 % of your body is water. 2/3 of molecules in body are water. 70 % of your body.
Basic Chemistry and the Chemical Components of Life
Accessory Organs of the Skin
Sweat.
Use Active Drysol To Get Relief From Hyperhidrosis
Antiperspirants: A Cause of Member odor?
Male Organ Odor: Blame Thioalcohols
Integumentary System Chapter 5.
Instructions: Glue in your warm-up sheet on the back of your Characteristics of Life foldable page Answer the Characteristics of Life warm-up (1st box.
EXCRETION.
NVQ Level 2 Beauty Therapy
How Important Is Water???.
How Important Is Water???.
Water, pH, and Macromolecules
You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question.
Chapter 5.
Integumentary System The Skin.
The Excretory System in the Human
Predicting Products of Reactions
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM THE FUNCTIONS.
Skin Structure The Dermis.
The Skin? What does it do?.
SWEAT Perfect Pocket Companion
Presentation transcript:

We use chemicals to mask or prevent unpleasant body odors and sweat. There are two kinds of sweat- eccrine and apocrine. Eccrine sweat, produced in eccrine sweat glands (see Figure 4.3) on almost all parts of the skin, is the cooling mechanism of your body. ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS

Figure 4.3 Cross section of skin.

Whenever exercise or environment threatens to raise your temperature, eccrine sweat is exuded onto skin to evaporate. Evaporation, being endothermic, takes away excess heat energy so that your body temperature remains fairly constant. Besides water, eccrine sweat contains some organic compounds and salts but does not produce offensive odors.

Apocrine sweat, however, is a different story. Apocrine glands terminate in hair follicles (see Figure 4.3) at only a few places on your body- your underarms being one of those locations..

Your nervous system activates these glands, which secrete liquid in proportion to the stress you feel. Although mostly water, about I percent of apocrine sweat consists of fat, cellular fragments, and bacteria. When exposed to the air, bacteria begin to flourish, producing smelly 'compounds and hence body odor

There are five ways products can combat this body odor: 1. Inhibit the production of apocrine sweat 2. Prevent the sweat produced from reaching the open air on the skin 3. Kill offending bacteria in the exposed sweat 4. Decompose foul-smelling substances the bacteria create 5. Mask odors with more pleasant fragrances.

Clearly, the most effective actions are at the top of the list. The federal government requires that manufacturers reveal the general action of their product. If it works by Methods 1 or 2 above, then it can be called an antiperspirant. If it works by any of the others, it must be called a deodorant. Some products with combinations of ingredients can claim to be both.

The active ingredient in most antiperspirants is one of the aluminum chlorohydrates, A1 2 (OH) 5 Cl or A1 2 (OH) 4 Cl 2, or a zirconium-aluminum salt. These are water-soluble ionic compounds that produce A1 3+ ions in solution. Aluminum ions bind to the ducts of sweat glands, shrinking the openings and forming an aluminum-keratin complex that plugs up many ducts.

The flow of perspiration is reduced or, for some glands, prevented altogether. In addition, aluminum chlorohydrates kill bacteria in the apocrine sweat that does reach the skin. This pore-clogging action cannot be used by everyone. Because sebum glands open up in the same places the apocrine glands do, both can get obstructed. For certain susceptible people, rashes (sort of an underarm acne) can develop.

Deodorants, which have ingredients to kill bacteria and absorb, decompose (by oxidation), or mask odors, are alternatives for people who are unable to use antiperspirants. Besides providing a pleasing aroma, they include ingredients such as alcohols (which kill bacteria by dehydrating them) and various phenols (which kill bacteria by denaturing their proteins).

Antiprespirant /deodorant cream Stearic acid 14.0 Bees wax 2.0 Liquid paraffin 1.0 Tween Al-chlorhydrate 12.0 Cetrimide 1.0 Water to 100

Deodorant Stick Stearic acid 3.4 Sodium hydroxide 0.6 D.water 1.0 Glycerol 7.5 Cetrimide 0.75 Ethanol 75

Deodorant Stick Stearic acid 7.5 Sodium carbonate 2.5 Glycerol 89 Cetrimide 1

. Deodorant acceptable claims Absorbent that helps keep you dry Anti ‐ odourant Controls odour Deodorant Fights bad odour Kills odour ‐ causing bacter

Deodorant unacceptable claims Antiperspirant (for products that do not affect perspiration) Controls perspiration Controls sweat

Antiperspirant acceptable claims 24 hour antiperspirant effect (products that demonstrate 20% sweat reduction within a 24 ‐ hour period) Antiperspirant Body responsive Clinical (qualified as clinical testing) Clinical protection (must be qualified with “clinically proven extra effective wetness protection”, and must demonstrate 30% or more sweat

Antiperspirant acceptable claims reduction within a period of 24 hours) Clinically tested/proven/trials Extra effective (products that demonstrate 30% or more sweat reduction within a 24 ‐ hour period) Helps keep you dry Protects against wetness Reduces (or provides protection against) underarm perspiration

Antiperspirant unacceptable claims Clinical (unqualified) Clinical protection (unqualified) Clinical strength/effect/action Helps check, halt or stop underarm wetness, dampness or perspiration Hyperhidrosis Persistent protection (i.e., usually significantly greater than 24 hours, based on a mechanism of action that modifies organic function)