The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. S C M upplementary ementitious aterials Sustainable Growth By James Ballan Manager of Supplementary Cementitious Materials

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. 16 August 2015Titel 2 What are SCM? Supplementary Cementitious Materials Substitution of clinker in cement by another material which has Cementitious properties Image reprinted with permission from the Portland Cement Association

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Ancient Rome Lime + Natural Pozzolan = Cement

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Global Cement Producers Goals  Providing environmentally friendly sustainable products  Lower Fuel Consumption  Lower Operating Costs  Lower Capital Costs Barriers  Traditional methods have limitations Usage  Estimated 10-15% consists of SCMs

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Considerations

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Limitations Natural SCMs  Limited quantities  Regional variability Synthetic SCMs  Knowledge  Experience  Technology Waste Materials  Fluctuating chemistries  Unwanted components

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Fly Ash

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Fly Ash

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Clays - Kaolins  Considerations  Wet “Lumpy” material  Specific temperatures  “Off-color” products  Inconsistent quality  Traditional Technology  Inefficient cooling  Not evenly heated  Discoloration

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Clays - Kaolins

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Synthetic Pozzolan Productions  Product  High pozzolonic activity  Color similar to cement  Lower fuel consumption

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Advantages to This Approach  Product quality allows for increased use of pozzolan in cement blends  Color similar to cement  Lower fuel consumption than existing methods  Few moving parts – Lower Maintenance / Operating costs  Compact design – less than 1500 m 2 footprint of Pyro Process Equipment

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CALCINING PROCESSES  Cement strengths after 28 days by substitute 30% of cement with limestone and calcined clay. 13 Ref Sample 100% Cement Hydraulic Index after 28 days 100 Hydraulic Index after 28 days % Cement 30% Limestone 60 Clay Size Coarse Fine Flash Calciner 70% Cement 30% Clay Flash Calciner 70% Cement 30% Clay Rotary Kiln 70% Cement 30% Clay Rotary Kiln 70% Cement 30% Clay 77 86

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Direct Substitution 14

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Blended Cements  Clinker is engineered for Ordinary Portland Cement  Blended Cement can mimic Ordinary Portland Cement  High substitution rates require different parameters  Optimization of physical and chemical properties required Blended Cements ~ Ordinary Portland Cement

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. CO 2 Reduction by Making Pozzolan Cement X = Kg clinker Kg CO 2 Kg Cement Kg CO 2 Assume: 0.94 Kg CO 2 /Kg Clinker, and Kg CO2/Kg Pozzolan X Kg clinker Kg CO (0.256 X = Kg Pozzolan Kg CO 2 Kg Cement Kg CO X Kg Clinker Kg CO 2 0.6).95 CO 2 OPC: CO 2 POZ:

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. CO 2 Reduction by Making Pozzolan Cement X = Kg clinker Kg CO 2 Kg Clinker Kg CO 2 Assume: 0.94 Kg CO 2 /Kg Clinker, and Kg CO2/Kg Pozzolan X Kg clinker Kg CO (0.256 X = Kg Pozzolan Kg CO 2 Kg Cement Kg CO X Kg Clinker Kg CO 2 0.6).95 CO 2 OPC: CO 2 POZ: A reduction of 33%

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. CO 2 Reduction by Making Pozzolan Cement 64 X = Kg Clinker 700 Kcal Kg Clinker Kcal Assume: We use 700 Kcal/Kg Clinker in the process X Kg Pozzolan 540 Kcal 0.4 Fuel Savings: Kg Clinker 700 Kcal - A savings of 9.1%

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. Further Implementations Patent Pending

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. MINE TAILINGS

The information contained or referenced in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to FLSmidth and is protected by copyright or trade secret laws. 16 August 2015Titel21 Thank You