MOTIONS OF EARTH, MOON AND SUN

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Presentation transcript:

MOTIONS OF EARTH, MOON AND SUN

Motions movements

APPARENT MOTION Motion that an object appears to make

Daily motion and stars: circular Paths of all stars appear to be ______ or parts of a _____ called an ___. Rise in the _____ and set in the _____ Motion occurs at rate of ___________ (360 in 24 hours) ______ remains stationary in the center . circle arc East West 15o per hour Polaris

**this apparent motion is because the Earth ROTATES!

Star Motion at Middle Latitudes

Apparent Motions of Earth’s Moon: Same motion as the stars: rises in the ____ and sets in the _____. East West

Apparent motions of the Sun: Path from sunrise to sunset has the shape of an ___. Path changes in two ways throughout the seasons: Length Position in the sky Reaches highest point in sky at this time of day: __________. arc Solar Noon

Can only be directly overhead (90) between ______ and ______. Is the Sun ever directly overhead in New York State? 23.5oN 23.5oS NEVER!!

Models that Explain Apparent Celestial Motions: Geocentric model: Earth doesn't move and most celestial objects revolve around it

Sun rotates revolves rotates revolves Heliocentric Model _____ is at center of solar system Earth ________ on its axis and _________ around Sun. Moon _______ on its axis and _________ around Earth. Sun rotates revolves rotates revolves Click to add notes

Which of the two models do we believe today? HELIOCENTRIC MODEL

Actual Earth Motions Milky Way expanding Solar System 225 Rotates Moves with our galaxy, called the _________ as the Universe is _________. ____________ revolves around center of Milky Way (it takes ____ million yrs.) _______ on its axis and _______ around Sun in an orbit, whose shape is an ______. Milky Way expanding Solar System 225 Rotates revolves ellipse

Rotation of Earth axis 23.5° 15° per hour Earth spins on its ______. Its’ axis is tilted at _____. Earth rotates at a rate of ____________. axis 23.5° 15° per hour

Evidence of Earth’s rotation Foucault pendulum

Evidence of Earth’s rotation (ctd) Coriolis effect All objects moving at Earth’s surface are ____________________________________. Deflection appears to the ______ in the Northern Hemisphere deflected from a straight line path right

Revolution of the Earth Revolves around sun in a slightly ________ orbit. Revolves at a rate of about ___________. How many degrees in a circle? How many days in a year? elliptical 1o per day 360o 365 days 360o 365 days

Evidence of Earth’s revolution around the Sun: Different ___________ are visible during different times of the ____. Apparent size of ____ changes as earth is ______ or ______ away constellations year Sun closer further

Earth Motions and Time rotation LONGITUDE Time is based on Earth’s _______ on its axis. ALL PLACES ON THE SAME LINE OF ____________ HAVE THE SAME TIME Time zones: keep time the same for regions LONGITUDE