Introduction to Biomechanics Chapter 1. Definition of Biomechanics Biomechanics is the scientific study of the mechanics of biological systems. Uses mathematics,

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Biomechanics Chapter 1

Definition of Biomechanics Biomechanics is the scientific study of the mechanics of biological systems. Uses mathematics, physics, engineering, computer science and biology. Describes biological materials and the responses of biological materials to applied forces and torques.

Athletic Training & Physical Therapy Mechanism of injury Forces acting on a joint ACL injury 1970’s Knee in a cast Open chain rehabilitation.

Biomechanics & the Workplace Overuse injuries - due to repetition not the level of force. Ergonomics professionals teach workers proper posture & technique to avoid injury. Job site and task designed for safety.

Video Analysis 1970 – 1980s 16 mm film 2-3 week processing 1 hr for 3-4 s of data. 3d analysis 1 hr each camera view. Photo from: Miller & Nelson, Biomechanics of Sport, p 143, 1973, Lea & Febiger.

High Speed Video Today Today we use high speed video cameras that are able to track markers in 3d space with sampling rates of 60 – 2000 fps.

Electromyography (EMG) The EMG signal is related to the activation of the muscle. EMG can be recorded with surface or indwelling electrodes.

Measuring Balance or Postural Control The CNS maintains balance using data from: – Vestibular – Vision – Somatosensory

Force Measurements Force plates are used for: – Balance – Walking – Running – Landing – Jumping

Qualitative Movement Analysis Teachers and coaches use Dartfish software. Allows comparison of good and bad trials. Can calculate angles & displacement. Can write on the screen over the video image.

Professional Biomechanics Organizations International Society of Biomechanics International Society of Biomechanics in Sports International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology International Society for Posture and Gait Research