The Sui ( ) Reunified China after the fall of the Han in 220 CE Expanded China’s borders

The Tang ( )

Expanded into Central Asia, Mongolia and Manchuria Expanded the Grand Canal which the Sui built –Linked Yellow and Yangtzi rivers Trade, especially in silk, made China wealthy –Great Silk Road –Indian Ocean Trade Networks Through conquest and contact, they exerted their influence in art and religion over Korea and Japan –Paid tribute to the Tang Ultimately collapsed in 906 from military expansion and peasant rebellion

The Rise of The Song Dynasty ( )

The Song Rivals Even though the Song unified parts of China, they still had rivals surrounding them. –Paid the Liao Empire to the north tribute but eventually destroyed them –The Jurchen (Jin) Empire further north helped to defeat the Liao but ultimately conquered much of the northern territory of the Song A smaller Song state survived until the conquer of China by the Mongols in the 1270’s

The Song and the Liao and the Jurchen Empires

Song Society and Economics Population grew causing trade and urbanization to grow as well. –Had the largest cities in the world –Stayed connected to other parts of the world through trade –Song trading vessels, junks, carried goods back and forth to China

Song Advancements Advanced in the fields of astronomy and mathematics –Accurate clocks, compass, gunpowder, paper currency, block printing Su Song Clock…80 ft tall

Neo Confucianism Revival of Confucianism to politically unify China. –How? Reinforced the idea of loyalty to a hierarchy and obedience Emphasized education and cultured behavior Brought calm to a tumultuous time after the fall of the Tang New forms of Buddhism also emerged –Chan in Korea and Zen in Japan Both emphasizing simplicity and meditation

Women in China Revival of Pan Chao ( CE) Women of lower classes generally had more freedoms than upper class women Still subordinate to men but had some rights –Had inheritance and property rights –Retained control over their dowry after divorce or husband’s death Women were still seen overall as second class citizens –Best example of this was the practice of foot binding Firmly established by the 1200’s and lasted up to the early 1900’s

Foot Binding Origins What did it symbolize to the people of China? –Patriarchal society –Civilized sophisticated society –Men could take care of their women 3 inch crescent shape Participants

The Mongol Invasions