Warm Up What is a genocide? What is a genocide? Name two African countries that have experienced a genocide. Name two African countries that have experienced a genocide. Z3ug Z3ug Z3ug Z3ug

AIDS in AFRICA THE TOLL The Red Hill Cemetery in Durban, South Africa, is one of the only cemeteries in town that has room for new graves.

The Impact of AIDS in Africa Between 1999 and 2000 more people died of AIDS in Africa than in all the wars on the continent Between 1999 and 2000 more people died of AIDS in Africa than in all the wars on the continent Each day, 6,000 Africans die from AIDS Each day, 6,000 Africans die from AIDS Each day, an additional 11,000 are infected Each day, an additional 11,000 are infected 2000 began with 24 million Africans infected with the virus. In the absence of a medical miracle, nearly all will die before began with 24 million Africans infected with the virus. In the absence of a medical miracle, nearly all will die before 2010

UNAIDS estimated at the end of 2006 that worldwide, there were: 39.5 million living with HIV 39.5 million living with HIV 4.3 million new infections of HIV 4.3 million new infections of HIV 2.9 million deaths from AIDS 2.9 million deaths from AIDS Two-thirds of HIV cases, and over 80% of deaths, were in Sub-Saharan Africa Two-thirds of HIV cases, and over 80% of deaths, were in Sub-Saharan Africa

What is HIV??? AIDS??? "HIV" stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus "HIV" stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Many people also refer to HIV as the "AIDS virus" Many people also refer to HIV as the "AIDS virus" HIV is the virus that causes AIDS HIV is the virus that causes AIDS AIDS attacks the immune system in humans AIDS attacks the immune system in humans As a result, an infected person cannot fight off sicknesses that a healthy person can As a result, an infected person cannot fight off sicknesses that a healthy person can

On a biological level, this is what AIDS looks like:

AIDS in AFRICA Map of Africa colored according to the percentage of the Adult (ages 15-49) population with HIV/AIDS.

What is an Epidemic? Definition: a disease that spreads rapidly through a specific region of human population, such as everyone in a given geographic area Definition: a disease that spreads rapidly through a specific region of human population, such as everyone in a given geographic area In this case, we’re talking about the region of Sub-Saharan Africa In this case, we’re talking about the region of Sub-Saharan Africa

There is NO KNOWN CURE for HIV/AIDS

How do people get HIV/AIDS? HIV is the virus that, in many cases, causes AIDS HIV is the virus that, in many cases, causes AIDS The only known way for HIV to be transmitted from one person to another is when it is spread from the inside of an infected person's body to the inside of another person's body The only known way for HIV to be transmitted from one person to another is when it is spread from the inside of an infected person's body to the inside of another person's body

How do people get HIV/AIDS? People who inject themselves with drugs risk infecting themselves with HIV. People who inject themselves with drugs risk infecting themselves with HIV. sexual intercourse if one of the partners has the virus sexual intercourse if one of the partners has the virus

How do people get HIV/AIDS? A newborn baby is at risk of getting the HIV virus from his or her mother if she is infected. This can happen before the baby is born, during birth, or through breastfeeding. A newborn baby is at risk of getting the HIV virus from his or her mother if she is infected. This can happen before the baby is born, during birth, or through breastfeeding.

How do Africans get HIV/AIDS? Every major campaign against AIDS in Africa has been based on the premise that heterosexual sex accounts for 90 percent of transmission in adults. Yet safe-sex efforts have not stopped the spread of the epidemic, which now affects 30 million people. Every major campaign against AIDS in Africa has been based on the premise that heterosexual sex accounts for 90 percent of transmission in adults. Yet safe-sex efforts have not stopped the spread of the epidemic, which now affects 30 million people. Some biologists think that unsafe injections, blood transfusions, and other medical procedures may account for most AIDS transmission in African adults. Some biologists think that unsafe injections, blood transfusions, and other medical procedures may account for most AIDS transmission in African adults. Some research indicates that no more than 35 percent of HIV in that population is spread through sexual intercourse Some research indicates that no more than 35 percent of HIV in that population is spread through sexual intercourse

Effects on Africa’s Population The average can now expect to live 39 years, down from 65 prior to the AIDS epidemic The average Zimbabwean can now expect to live 39 years, down from 65 prior to the AIDS epidemic By the year 2010, the report said, growth rates are projected to be reduced 75 percent or more in South Africa and in Zimbabwe. By the year 2010, the report said, growth rates are projected to be reduced 75 percent or more in South Africa and in Zimbabwe. In Kenya, growth rates will be reduced 66 percent. In Kenya, growth rates will be reduced 66 percent. Nigeria's growth rate is expected to drop more than 40 percent. Nigeria's growth rate is expected to drop more than 40 percent.

Economic Tidal Wave Families that must care for a member who is ill with AIDS often deplete monetary resources that would otherwise be used to cover necessities and to invest in children's futures (read: education) Families that must care for a member who is ill with AIDS often deplete monetary resources that would otherwise be used to cover necessities and to invest in children's futures (read: education) Many times, AIDS claims the lives of people in their most productive years Many times, AIDS claims the lives of people in their most productive years Grieving orphans and elderly must contend with the sudden loss of financial support Grieving orphans and elderly must contend with the sudden loss of financial support Communities must bear the burden of caring for those left behind Communities must bear the burden of caring for those left behind Countries must draw on a diminishing pool of trained and talented workers Countries must draw on a diminishing pool of trained and talented workers

What will it take to stop the African AIDS Epidemic? A medical cure or vaccine that is widely available to Africans A medical cure or vaccine that is widely available to Africans Education about the contraction of HIV/AIDS Education about the contraction of HIV/AIDS Education about the proper handling of bodily fluids during medical work Education about the proper handling of bodily fluids during medical work

What will it take to stop the African AIDS Epidemic? AIDS can be treated. AIDS can be treated. LA Lakers star “Magic” Johnson has lived with AIDS for more than 15 years LA Lakers star “Magic” Johnson has lived with AIDS for more than 15 years He has access (money) to buy the best medical care and prescriptions He has access (money) to buy the best medical care and prescriptions Combivir is the leading drug to used to treat HIV/AIDS Combivir is the leading drug to used to treat HIV/AIDS Cost for 1 month treatment Cost for 1 month treatment $750 (USD) per patient $750 (USD) per patient GDP Per Capita in African Continent GDP Per Capita in African Continent About $1000 (USD) About $1000 (USD) (pills widely available in Canada, India, NZ, UK, US, Israel ) (pills widely available in Canada, India, NZ, UK, US, Israel )

It is estimated that 90% of the world’s HIV-infected children live in Africa, and more than half a million die of AIDS each year.