GCSE Russian. There are three main conjugations in Russian:

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Presentation transcript:

GCSE Russian

There are three main conjugations in Russian:

There are three main conjugations in Russian: 1a

There are three main conjugations in Russian: 1a 1b

There are three main conjugations in Russian: 1a 21b

E.g. читать(to read) Remove –ть to form the stem of the verb.

читатьto read я читаю I read ты читаешьyou read он читаетhe reads мы читаемwe read вы читаетеyou read они читаютthey read

Some other 1a verbs: думать - to think работать - to work отдыхать- to relax собирать- to collect плавать - to swim Change the endings of these verbs as necessary: Then translate what you have written 1.Я работать на заводе в центре города. 2.Мы собирать газеты. 3.Они плавать по субботам. 4.Иван думать, что Москва – хороший город. 5.Вы отдыхать в клубе? читатьto read я читаю I ты читаешьyou он читаетhe мы читаемwe вы читаетеyou они читаютthey

Some other 1a verbs: думать - to think работать - to work отдыхать- to relax собирать- to collect плавать - to swim Translate these sentences into Russian: 1.I work in the park. 2.She collects badges. 3.They swim in a pool. 4.Ivan and Natasha think Sheffield is a modern city. 5.We relax in the theatre in London. читатьto read я читаю I ты читаешьyou он читаетhe мы читаемwe вы читаетеyou они читаютthey

читатьto read я чита I ты читаyou он читаhe мы читаwe вы читаyou они читаthey ю ешь ет ем ете ют

E.g. мыть(to wash)  You need to know the stem of the verb, then you can put the endings on.  The stem is given in the dictionary, after the infinitive.  Have a look in a dictionary now.

E.g. мыть(to wash) What is the stem? я мою I ты моешьyou он моетhe мы моемwe вы моетеyou они моютthey

Using a dictionary, complete this chart InfinitiveStem1 st person singular вставать (to stand up)я плыть (to float)я рисовать (to draw)я организовать (to organise)я

Write out the conjugation of рисовать я I ты you он he мы we вы you они they

What have you learned up to now?

There are two more interesting facts about conjugation 1b.

We saw earlier that 1a and 1b verbs have the same endings: -ю, -ешь, -ет, -ем, -ете, -ют

We saw earlier that 1a and 1b verbs have the same endings: -ю, -ешь, -ет, -ем, -ете, -ют But if the stem ends in a consonant, the endings are slightly different: -у, -ешь, -ет, -ем, -ете, -ут я встанумы встанем ты встанешьвы встанете он встанетони встанут

And the other interesting fact about conjugation 1b?

If the stress of the verb happens to be on the end, look what happens:

-ю, -ёшь, -ёт, -ём, -ёте, -ют -у, -ёшь, -ёт, -ём, -ёте, -ут

What have you learned up to now about: 1a verbs? formation? endings? 1b verbs? stem? vowel stem endings? consonant stem endings? When does ё appear?

Conjugation 2 has two very interesting features but first, the basics:

tsty For conjugation 2, remove the last three letters of the infinitive, e.g. звонить (to phone) я звонюмы звоним ты звонишьвы звоните он звонитони звонят

tsty Now try to put the endings in the correct place: я звон __ мы звон__ ты звон__вы звон__ он звон__они звон__ ишь ят ю ите ит им

But that’s not all! For conjugation 2 you also need to know about: The в, м, ф, п, б rule and Consonant mutation

The в, м, ф, п, б rule When the stem of the verb ends in one of the above letters, the first person singular has an л in it. E.g. лю б ить я лю б лю мы любим ты любишьвы любите он любитони любят

Consonant mutation When the stem of a conjugation 2 verb ends in certain letters, mutation takes place as follows: Stem ending in:Mutates as follows for first person singular дж зж сш стщ тч E.g. хо д ить я хо ж умы ходим ты ходишьвы ходите он ходитьони ходят

умываться – to get washed я умываюсьмы умываемся ты умываешьсявы умываетесь он умываетсясяони умываются Use the ending -сь after a vowel. Use the ending -ся after a consonant or a soft sign.