PECM PEJP2147 Craig MacDougall CORONA IUID Center

PECM31072 NSWC Corona IUID Center Our mission is to provide expertise in mission-focused lifecycle management through IUID integration. IUID Community Consumer Reports Innovation Implementation Assistance Training

PECM31073 Aspects of IUID Political Technical ValueImplementation Policies Scope Timelines & implementation dates What is IUID Marking parts Reading & verifying the marks IT infrastructure Serialized Item Management (SIM) Machine readable marks Tamper-resistant marks (counterfeits, reserialization, ECC200) Reconciliation of separate databases

PECM31074 IUID is Like a Snowflake Gets blown around by the (political) wind Easy to overlookUniversally unique You need to prepare for them before the storm

PECM July 2003: DoD establishes policy requiring Item Unique Identification (IUID) using 2-D Data Matrix barcodes 2 October 2003: DoD establishes policy requiring Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) DoD Moves Boldly Into AIT “[AIT] will enable hands-off processing of materiel transactions, allowing the DoD to re-apportion critical manpower resources to warfighting functions and to streamline business processes.” Data is Essential, Data Could Be Cheaper

PECM31076 Data Is Not Cheap 1)Data Capture 3) Data Analysis 2) Data Storage -media -safeguarding -retrieval This is not the problem any longer Machine readable marks Data accuracy leads to Less data scrubbing More fidelity in analysis UID makes Data Cheaper

PECM31077 The Devil is in the Details

PECM31078 Contact Memory Buttons Automatic Identification Technology (AIT) QR Code 1-D Barcode MaxiCode PDF417 Bullseye Aztec 1D Barcode EPC RFID Tag 2-D Barcodes Passive RFID Tags Active RFID Tags Data Matrix

PECM31079 Why the Data Matrix? for marking small parts Error Correction: ~50% Capacity: Up to 2,335 alphanumeric characters Multiple ways to make your mark

PECM Quiet Zone “Hello World!” is encoded into this ECC200 Data Matrix 2-D Barcode Hello World! Clocking Pattern Finder Pattern Data (viz. “Hello World!”) Error Correction

PECM Hello World! 12 bytes with the data 12 error-correcting bytes A 16 x 16 Data Matrix holds 12 bytes with the data & 12 error-correcting bytes = 102 ASCII → “e” Hello World! Data Matrix Map

PECM The data itself goes through a layer of encoding prior to the symbol For “ASCII Encoding,” characters have 1 added, = 102 ASCII – Digits optimized 2 : 1, C40 – Uppercase letters optimized 3 : 2, TEXT – Lowercase letters optimized 3 : 2, Base256 – Not optimized 1 : 1, X12 nor EDIFACT used in IUID This extra complication provides different optimizations But 102 isn’t an “e”

PECM Excel Demo

PECM Can You Spot the IUID? Both are a Data Matrix, but only one is an IUID An IUID is always a Data Matrix A Data Matrix is not always an IUID

PECM Turning a Data Matrix into an IUID [)> [)> R / S 06 G / S 17V98345 G / S 1PT123 G / S S531 R / S E O T Unique Item Identifier (UII) : D98345T The right information encoded into the right kind of mark Serial Number: Data Identifiers: Part Number: Format Code: Enterprise Identifier: Semantics

PECM IUID Data Constraints Must be encoded into an ECC200 Data Matrix 2-D barcode UII ≤ 50 characters The UII must be unique across DoD A through Z 0 through 9 / - no lower case letters, periods, asterisks, … Must include semantics from ISO/IEC The UII must be “permanent”

PECM IUID Constraint Examples No Semantics (i.e. [)>, r/s, g/s, eot, DIs) Duplication Uses forbidden characters 2-D barcode is a PDF417 Must be an ECC200 Data Matrix UII too long 50 characters max!

PECM Marking Techniques  Labels (Stickers)  Data Plates  Dot Peen  Laser Etch  Chemical Etch  Silk Screening  Thermal Spray  Ink Jet Printing  Laser Ablation  Laser “Annealing”  Cast/Forged  Laser Bonding  Embroidery  Photo Etch Compliant UII marks are optically read…so almost any marking method will work!

PECM Verification Contrast Fixed Pattern Damage Axial Non-uniformity Grid Non-uniformity Modulation Unused Error Correction Over-printUnder-print “…the symbol shall have a minimum print quality of 3.0/05/660, …” So Sayeth MIL-STD-130

PECM A Readable, Failing Mark OVER PRINT UNDER PRINT CLOCKING PATTERN DAMAGE FINDER PATTERN DAMAGE

PECM The Simultaneous Contrast Illusion Most problems within a mark are undetectable with the human eye!

PECM Labels 101 Labels… + Are the cheapest option + Work for a majority of situations + Produce high contrast marks + Have low impact when “goofed up” + Can show quick progress toward compliance - Are destroyed by temperature extremes - Can fall off/be removed - Are soft (abrasion problems) - Can out-gas - Are vulnerable to certain chemicals & UV light

PECM Will the Label Stick? High Surface EnergyLow Surface Energy “sticky”Not so “sticky” Surface Energy (mJ/m 2 ) Surface Data from 3M Corporation

PECM Anatomy of a Label Top Coat Face Stock Adhesive Liner Optional layer Added by the manufacturer, Can help overcome: UV, chemicals, abrasion problems Paper Polypropylene Polyester Polyolefin Thousands of choices! 3 major categories Rubber PSA Acrylic PSA Silicone PSA “Ink” Paper or film Moisture stability important to minimize edge curl Comes with release coating Inkjet Toner Direct Thermal Thermal Transfer Wax Wax/Resin Resin Direct Laser

PECM Label Tips Prepare the application surface Use 50% water, 50% isopropyl alcohol Don’t use Windex (shine factors are added) Don’t use denatured alcohol Don’t use acetone as a last step Avoid contaminating surface with skin oils Bag your supplies (polypropylene bags) Temperature at application ≥ 55º F Application pressure 72 hour dwell time

PECM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

PECM NSWC Corona IUID Center Craig MacDougall (951) DSN Jamie Pompa (951) DSN IUID Community Innovation Training Implementation Assistance Consumer Reports