Italian Physical Society International School of Physics “Enrico Fermi”

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Presentation transcript:

Italian Physical Society International School of Physics “Enrico Fermi”

Towards the discovery of B meson CPV in B decays Towards the asymmetric collider Reasons for success Future

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1976 Lederman’s sholder

Ellis Gaillard Nanopoulos Rudaz 1977 Bander Silverman Soni 1979 Cater & AIS, Bigi & AIS 1980 Discovery of Υ(4S) Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 219–221 (1980) [Issue 4 – 28 July 1980 ]

t d b b W W t d

We thought that m t was about 20 GeV t d b b W W t d

ARGUS 87

B meson life time about 1ps This is very long Longevity leads to happiness e b c 1982 MAC-MARKII Discovery: Longevity of B

There is good news and bad news: ● Good news is that there is CP violation in heavy meson decays ● Bad news is that it is very small Phys.Rev.D12: ,1975 Arguments apply to any heavy quark

B is definitely different from K!

qeq ii i i   3x3 unitary matrix has 9 real parameters For 6 quarks, there are 5 phases we can adjust Three families needed B system b c u d K system

Can we find an observable related to Φ 1 ?

B π + π - B

Can we find large CP asymmetry in major decay modes of B? b c W d u W s d u d B b c W d u W s d u d B KSKS KSKS These diagrams will not interfere

Carter AIS 1980 Final state is not CP eigenstate B B K S +X

Nothing was known about the KM matrix Today’s values Carter and AIS PR D23 (1980) We thought 20 GeV is almost ∞ 1982 MAC-MARKII Discovery: Longevity of B

With Ikaros

Big Asym Even Br small is better B ψK S Bigi AIS 1981

 K d B b c s d c s W

b c d x t

the asymmetry vanishes for J=1 BB state if we don’t observe time S-Wave No photon has been detected! Out for CLEO Problem

Symmetric Collider 20μm separation This is impossible to measure

9GeV+3GeV 200μm separation

SLAC machine physicists build machines for physics discovery. Go for conservative, well known technology. I got the impression that KEK machine physicists want to also play with new innovation.

11mrad

Where do we go from here? asymmetries discovered July, 2000

?? +52 T violation CPTV … discoveries CP violation

Jim Cronin

We don’t expect new physics effect to be sticking out at 10 % level. We don’t know if it will stick out at 1% level. But, we should go for unexpected discoveries! Not those classified as expected triumph of a peculiar theory

1.Don’t forget, without flavor physics, we don’t have the standard model 2. B physics will be producing results 30 years from now. 3. Precision experiments can reveal new physics if it is out there around 1 TeV.