 The number of calories your body burns at rest to maintain normal body functions.  It is the amount of calories per day your body burns, regardless of exercise.  It changes with age, weight, height, gender, diet.

 Carbs  Fats  Proteins  Vitamins  Minerals  Water

 Carbs and Fats  Body source of usable energy  Proteins  Building block for proper body functio  Vitamins, Minerals and Water  Not energy sources  No Calories

 Qualitative: variety of foods you need on a daily basis  Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, water, mineral and vitamins  Quantitative: amounts of different foods you need, number of grams/litres of food you should eat daily ▪ Varies on: ▪ Sex ▪ Height ▪ Weight (mass) ▪ Activity level  Used to determine the amount of nutrients you should eat daily

 Energy supplied by food is measured in kilojoules (kJ)  1g of protein = 16kJ of energy (4kcal/g)  1g of carbohydrates = 16kJ of energy (4kcal/g)  1g of lipids = 36kJ of energy (9kcal/g)  All foods supply energy  first from carbohydrates, next lipids and finally from protein  Most foods are compounds of all nutrients

Sandwiches OrderCalories Fat (saturated fat) CarbsProteinSodium Arby's Roast Beef Sub76048g (16g)47g35g2,230mg Subway 6" Double Meat Meatball Marinara Sub 78041g (18g)61g35g1,760mg Other OrderCalories Fat (saturated fat) CarbsProteinSodium Pizza Hut Meat Lover's Stuffed Crust Pizza (2 slices) 90042g (20g)86g42g2,500mg Taco Nachos BellGrande78043g (13g)80g20g1,300mg Wendy's Chicken BLT Salad g (13g)30g36g1,610mg

 Calculate the energy released from each food by using this formula.  4.2 is the value of the specific heat capacity of water, in joules per gram per degree Celsius – the number of joules taken to raise the temperature of water by 1 °C. 1 cm 3 of water has a mass of 1 g.  If the number is more than 1000 J/g, express it as kilojoules (kJ):  1 kilojoule = 1000 joules