Clean Sky Green Regional Aircraft General Overview Clean Sky Event Toulouse 1rst February 2011 prepared by Rocco PINTO (Alenia Aeronautica)

Clean Sky - General Technical Organization Vehicle ITD Eco-design For Airframe and Systems Smart Fixed-Wing Aircraft Green Regional Aircraft Green Rotorcraft Leaders: Dassault Aviation & Fraunhofer Institute Leaders: Airbus & SAAB Leaders: Alenia & EADS CASA Leaders: Eurocopter & AgustaWestland Clean Sky Technology Evaluator Sustainable and Green Engines Transverse ITD for all vehicles Leaders: Rolls-Royce & Safran Systems for Green Operations Leaders: Liebherr & Thales ITD: Integrated Technology Demonstrator

GRA Team : ITD Leaders ALENIA AERONAUTICA affiliates: Alenia Aermacchi Alenia Sia Alenia Improvement SuperJet International ALENIA AERONAUTICA EADS - CASA Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft LIEBHERR ROLLS – ROYCE SAFRAN THALES ROLLS ROYCE affiliate: Rolls Royce Deutschland SAFRAN affiliates: Snecma Messier-Dowty Hispano-Suiza THALES AVIONICS affiliate: Thales Avionics Electrical System

GRA Team : Associates AIR GREEN Cluster ATR CIRA PLUS Cluster with following members: Piaggio, Italy, single-voice Cluster's representative Polo delle S&T, Univ. Naples, Italy Centro Sviluppo Materiali (CSM), Italy IMAST, Italy (technological district) FoxBit, Italy Sicamb, Italy Politech. Turin, Italy Univ. Bologna/Forlì, Italy Univ. Pisa, Italy ATR CIRA PLUS Cluster CIRA, Italy, single voice Cluster's representative Dema, Italy Aerosoft, Italy INCAS, Romania Elsis, Lithuania HELLENIC AEROSPACE INDUSTRY ONERA A sizeable amount of activities are reserved to Call for Proposals open to European Institutions and Industry: we expect to reach about 53 additional partners For end of this year, we foresee about 85 participants involved in GRA!!

GRA ITD - Headquarters members : Map Landing gear b To ulouse uilt for unprepared strips 16 cockpit windows provide excellent visibility C - 130 compatible loading system Liebherr Atr Rom e a Foggi Hellenic Aerospace Eads Casa Fraunhofer Alenia Aeronutica Air Green (Imast, Foxbit, UniNa) Cira Plus ( Cira/Dema/Aerosoft ) Nap les Tu rin – Incas Elsis Rolls Royce AirGreen (Piag gio, CSM, Sicamb AirGreen ( Poli To) Pisa Bologna AirGreen (UniBo) AirGreen (UniPI) Madrid London Schimatari Vilnius Bucharest Toulouse Safran Thales Paris & Neuilly Munc hen Chatillon Onera

GRA Overview GRA program was launched on 1st September 2008 (GRA Kick-Off: October, 7th- 8th 2008), and will allow future regional aircraft to obtain weight reduction, aerodynamics efficiency and an higher level of operative performance w.r.t. “year 2000” technology level. In order to achieve these so challenging results, the aircraft will be entirely revisited in all of its aspects. In fact GRA consists of five technological domains: Low Weight Configuration (LWC), Low Noise Configuration (LNC), All Electric Aircraft (AEA), Mission & Trajectory Management (MTM) and New Configuration (NC).

Green Regional Aircraft ITD– WBS – 2° Level The Green Regional Aircraft ITD: Technical organization GRA 0 Management Alenia + EADS CASA GRA 3.5 Demonstration Preparation & test for AEA ATR GRA 3.6 AEA analysis & final reporting EADS CASA GRA 4.1 High Level Requirements for MTM Alenia GRA 4.2 MTM Architectures GRA 1.1 LWC Requirements GRA 1.2 LWC Architectures GRA 1.3 for LWC Fraunhofer GRA 5.1 NC A/C high level requirements GRA 5.2 NC A/C level Architectures GRA 5 New Configuration GRA 1.4 Application studies HAI GRA 1.5 LWC Definition of GRA 5.4 Definition of Demonstration for NC GRA 5.5 GRA 5.6 NC analysis Air Green GRA 1.6 LWC Demonstration Preparation & Test GRA 1.7 LWC analysis & final reporting GRA 2.1 LNC Requirements & Architectures GRA 2.2 LNC Enabling Technologies GRA 2.3 LNC / LC Application Studies GRA 2.4 Definition of LNC / LC GRA 2.5 LNC Demo wing preparation & test GRA 2.6 Safran GRA 2.7 LNC Analysis & Final Reporting GRA 3.1 AEA Requirements GRA 3.2 AEA Technologies for systems GRA 1 Low GRA 2 GRA 4 Mission & Trajectory GRA 3.3 for AEA GRA 3.4 AEA Definition of Demonstration GRA 4.6 MTM Analysis & Final Reporting Cira Plus GRA 3 All Electrical Aircraft GRA 5.3 Powerplant airframe integration for NC ONERA Eco Design ITD SGO ITD ---------------------- (ED for Sistems ) SAGE ITD GRA 4.3 Prototyping tool for MTM functions GRA 4.4 Definition of Flight GRA 4.5 Preparation & test for MTM Low Noise Configuration (ED for Airframe) Technology Evaluator Simulator Dem. for MTM LNC Demo Landing Gear Enabling Technologies Preparation & test for NC Weight Configuration ------------------------------- Start activities : within 2010 Start activities : after 2010 Start activities T0= 1st September 2008

GRA ITD – 5 Technological Domains Advanced aerodynamics (Low Noise Configuration) Improved aerodynamic efficiency Drag reduction Lower Airframe external noise through innovative solutions for wing and high lift devices and landing gears Innovative structures (Low Weight Configuration) Lower weight Lower maintenance costs through multifunctional composites, advanced metallic materials, structure health monitoring Innovative systems (All Electrical Aircraft) Lower fuel consumption through Bleed less architectures, Limited hydraulics, Energy management New aircraft configurations (NC) Lower fuel consumption NOx & CO2 reduction through Integration of Advanced turboprops, Open Rotors, Advanced turbofan Evaluation of new avionics architecture in MTM domain for Fuel & noise reduction Lower Maintenance costs through Upgraded capabilities for MTM

Green Regional Aircraft – Technology Requirements GRA is an aggressive and well structured technological development and maturation plan, for regional aircraft in the field of advanced aerodynamics, materials and structures, on-board all electric systems, and avionics architectures ; The aim is to satisfy regional aviation Clean Sky target reduction with respect to 2000 reference technologies; Moreover the integration of these technologies in the future advanced regional aircraft . Advanced technologies will be validate through a mix of ground and flight tests up to TRL 6

Low Weight Configurations Enabling Technology Sensors: Fiber Optic Bragg Grating (FOBG) Nanomaterials GRA-LWC Technologies Multifunctional Multilayer WEIGHT REDUCTION Noise Damping Flame Smoke and Toxicity resistance Impact resistance Structural property Lightning strike Protection Self-healing Multifunctional Layer A multifunctional single layer is a structure in which different materials are integrated - in order to assure several functions - in a way that is impossible to identify them as separate layers Damping Flame resistant Conductive Environment barrier A multifunctional multi-layer is a structure in which different materials are integrated, in order to absolve several functions BRAGG GRATING FIBER OPTIC TERMINATION Cobonded J-spar with embedded FOBG sensors Nanotubes Carbon nanotube strengthened epoxy resin for increased compression and interlaminar shear strength in composites (fuselage and wing)

Low Noise Configurations Load Control Innovative Technologies: Active Load Control concepts for Load alleviation and highly-efficient aerodynamics Passive flow control Technologies HLD Low Noise Technologies MLG & NLG Low Noise Technologies Laminar flow concept Low Noise Configuration Low noise aircraft configuration, consisting of the innovative solutions of the wing high lift devices and of the landing gear installation enabling the generation of less aerodynamic noise while performing their other basic functions at a high level of efficiency. Load Control Technology Wing advanced load control concepts aimed at improving aerodynamic efficiency and alleviate loads over the entire flight envelope will be addressed.

Low Noise Configurations Passive Flow Control micro-riblets in the turbulent flow region to reduce turbulent skin friction innovative surface treatments (micro-roughness) to delay laminar-turbulent flow transition Advanced concepts, based on passive flow control devices, aimed at reducing skin friction on NLF wings at cruising flight conditions will be pursued. Following technologies will be considered:

Low Noise Configurations Airframe Low Noise HLD Low Noise Technologies HLD passive low-noise treatments (porous materials, brush-like devices) to reduce noise emissions due to flap side edge vortices and slat upper TE vortex shedding HLD low-noise design (conventional and gapless solutions) based on multi-element wing camber aerodynamic optimisation and innovative kinematics to reduce noise induced by slots & tracks HLD advanced low-noise concepts (morphing structures, smart actuation) HLD highly-efficient, low-noise design through active (synthetic jets) flow control MLG & NLG Low Noise Technologies MLG and NLG low-noise configurations addressing mature and innovative concepts (gear strut and wheel pack optimised shaping, vortex flow control, etc.)

Low Noise Configurations Natural Laminar Flow A Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) Wing will be designed as baseline configuration for the further technology development integrating loads control, passive flow control and HLD low-noise concepts The NLF wing will be sized to be compliant with a next-generation, 130 pax A/C at M=0.74 cruising flight condition CFD mesh UPPER TURBULENT TRANSITION LOWER

All Electrical Aircraft Main objectives of AEA is to demonstrate the feasibility of on-board systems new technologies and architectures enabling the application of the All-Electric approach for a Regional airplane which aims: to completely delete the Pneumatic and Hydraulic power to enhance the Electrical power to apply new technologies which optimise the energy usage (Electrical and Thermal Energy Management) thus contributing to Specific Fuel Consumption reduction (estimated around 2-3%, based on previous preliminary studies) Main function/systems affected by AEA concept: Electrical Power Generation & Distribution Power electronics Electrical engine starting Electrically powered cooling/heating and compression (ECS, Ice Protection, equipment cooling) Electro-mechanical Actuation (EMA)

All Electrical Aircraft SGO/GRA AC BUS 1 XX kVA A/C ACTUAL LOADS AC BUS 2 ATRU 270 VDC Electro-mechanical actuators (EMA) Other Simulated Electrical Loads (TBD) EXT Innovative Wing Ice Protection System (WIPS) Simulated Counter Loads Electrical ECS (E-ECS) ELECTRICAL POWER CENTER 270 HVDC AEA Electrical Energy Management In Flight Demo Alternating Current Generator

Clean Sky Info Day – Toulouse 1rst February 2011 Mission & Trajectory Management Integration and validation of new optimised missions and trajectories by using of a flight simulator The architecture and advanced functions of avionics utilising the technical solutions studied in other Clean Sky ITD’s for the advanced flight guidance and flight management functions Clean Sky Info Day – Toulouse 1rst February 2011

New Configurations Next generation of Regional A/C will be strongly affected by the “Green Requirements”; New aircraft, systems architectures and advanced configurations might be necessary to accomplishing such requirements; Moreover integration of new technologies, propulsion in particular, will affect the overall A/C sizing; Careful assessment is required to evaluate eco benefits, and overall competitivity as well;

The GRA Clean Sky JTI Eco Assessment Process REFERENCE AIRCRAFT (2 A/C) Assessment of general architecture and performance of a turboprop (TP) and turbofan (TF) reference configurations as expression of the current regional A/C technology (year 2000) supported by ATR (customers point of view) and by SAFRAN and ROLLS ROYCE (powerplant point of view) GREEN AIRCRAFT (2 A/C) To define and study general architecture and performance of a Green TP and a TF or Open Rotor (OR) A/Cs in accordance with a selected, optimised A/C configuration that matches other domains objectives (LNC, LW, All electric, MTM) Outputs (GRA Aircraft Models) to Technology Evaluators (TE) To provide technical details, requirements and specifications of the Reference and Green A/C to Technology Evaluators.

GRA – Different engine options Define architecture and performance of the following propulsion system Turbofan Turboprop Open rotor Provide engine performance, noise, mass and dimension data to support green aircraft definition loops

Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic WT test GRA - DEMONSTRATIONS With reference to the generic regional aircraft type, the following Demonstrators will be produced: Ground Demonstration Flight Demonstration Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic WT test Cockpit Demonstration Advanced technologies will be assessed through a cost effective mix of ground and flight tests covering the technical solutions of integration of airframe, systems and engines at aircraft level. In this respect, full scale structural ground tests, large scale aerodynamic and aero-acoustics wind tunnel tests, and flight simulators have been considered.

GRA ITD – Master Plan Basic CS-GRA MPP Reference Top-Down Schedule based on high level assumptions

Provisional list of Topics for Call 8

GRA ITD – Master Plan © 2011 by the CleanSky Leading Partners: Airbus, AgustaWestland, Alenia Aeronautica, Dassault Aviation, EADS-CASA, Eurocopter, Fraunhofer Institute, Liebherr Aerospace, Rolls-Royce, Saab AB, Safran Thales and the European Commission. Permission to copy, store electronically, or disseminate this presentation is hereby granted freely provided the source is recognized. No rights to modify the presentation are granted.