Transmission, Symptoms, Effects, Treatment and Prevention STDs Transmission, Symptoms, Effects, Treatment and Prevention

What is an STD? STD stands for Sexually Transmitted Disease Diseases you can get from having ANY type of sexual contact including: Oral sex- mouth to penis or mouth to vagina Anal sex- penis to anus Vaginal sex- penis to vagina **You can even get some from touching or sharing personal items (chapstick, lip gloss, razors)

You can’t get it from…. Toilets Swimming pools Hot tubs Door knobs Holding hands

Most STDs can fit into two categories: Types of STDs Most STDs can fit into two categories: Viral- ones that you CAN’T cure Bacterial- ones that you CAN cure

Chlamydia Bacterial STD It is the most common STD among young people Transmission: having any type of sexual contact (oral, anal, or vaginal) Symptoms: Most men and women have no symptoms White drip from penis or thick, odorous, yellow discharge from vagina Pain in testicles Burning during urination

Chlamydia Long term effects: Treatment: Can be cured with antibiotics infertility or damage to reproductive system Can be passed to babies during birth and cause low birth weight Treatment: Can be cured with antibiotics Prevention: Don’t have sex at all (abstinence) or until cured ** remember that condoms are not 100%

Chlamydia

Chlamydia

Genital Herpes Viral STD There are two types: oral (herpes simplex 1) and genital (HSP 2) oral herpes (cold sores) is NOT an STD 90% of people who have herpes don’t even know that they have it Transmission: having any type of sexual contact- oral, anal, or vaginal Touching (hsp1 can be passes to hsp2) Symptoms: Painful blisters in or around the genitals

Genital Herpes Painful burning when urinating Itching Outbreaks can last from 7-14 days Treatment: there is NO cure, but you can take medication to shorten an outbreak or make outbreaks less Prevention: Don’t have sex at all and don’t touch someone’s herpes If you chose to have sexual intercourse with someone who has genital herpes you can get it even if they do not have an outbreak **condoms are not 100% AND they can have it on the testicles or around the genitals

Genital Herpes Herpes simplex 1: oral herpes, also known as a cold sore

Genital Herpes Herpes simplex 2: genital herpes Can occur on or near the genitals

Genital Herpes Herpes simplex 2: genital herpes Can occur on or near the genitals

Genital Herpes Herpes simplex 2: genital herpes Can occur on or near the genitals

Transmission can occur to any opening on your body Genital Herpes Transmission can occur to any opening on your body

Gonorrhea Bacterial STD Very common STD Transmission: Symptoms: having any type of sexual contact (oral, anal, or vaginal) Can also be spread to baby at birth Symptoms: Symptoms are mild and can go undetected Yellow, white or green discharge from penis Pain in testicles or swelling in testicles Burning during urination Women often mistake it for a bladder infection White thick discharge that has odor Vaginal bleeding between menstrual cycles

Gonorrhea Long term effects: Treatment: Can be cured with antibiotics infertility or damage to reproductive system Can be passed to babies and cause blindness, life threatening blood infection and/or joint infection Treatment: Can be cured with antibiotics Prevention: Don’t have sex at all or until cured

Gonorrhea

Gonorrhea

Genital Warts- HPV Viral STD HPV stands for Human Papilloma Virus which CAN cause genital warts Transmission: having any type of sexual contact- oral, anal, or vaginal, they are HIGHLY contagious Touching Symptoms: Small painless cauliflower like bumps on or near the genitals and anus that can QUICKLY multiply They can also be INSIDE the vagina There also may not be any symptoms or visible warts Itching of warts Discharge from penis or vagina

Genital Warts - HPV Treatment: there is NO cure (you will always have them, but you can do these things to treat them for the time being Laser them off Take medication Burning or freezing them off Creams vaccinations Prevention: Don’t have sex at all and don’t touch someone’s warts - If you chose to have sexual intercourse with someone who has genital warts you can get it even if they do not have an outbreak or even if they are not visible (inside the vagina) **condoms are not 100% AND they can have it on the testicles or around the genitals

Genital Warts - HPV Who can be infected with HPV? At least 1 in every 2 sexually active young women has had a genital HPV infection. Any sexually active person—no matter what color, race, gender, or sexual orientation—can get HPV. HPV is mainly spread by sexual contact. Very rarely, a mother who is infected with the HPV virus can infect her newborn baby during the delivery.

Genital Warts - HPV How do you get HPV or genital warts? HPV and genital warts are usually spread by direct skin-to-skin contact during vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has been infected with HPV. Using condoms every time you have sex can help protect against HPV but they aren't perfect because HPV can be found on skin that isn't covered by a condom.

Genital Warts - HPV

Genital Warts - HPV

Genital Warts - HPV

Genital Warts - HPV

Genital Warts - HPV

Genital Warts - HPV

Syphilis Bacterial STD The most dangerous curable STD Transmission: having any type of sexual contact- oral, anal, or vaginal Can be passed through birth Symptoms: Small painless reddish brown sores that appears on the genital area called “chancres” Sores can also occur on, in or near rectum, anus, vagina, lips and mouth Rashes, swollen joints, fever, and hair loss Has several stages

Syphilis Treatment: antibiotics Long term effects: - brain damage - Heart diseases - blindness - possible death - in babies can cause congenital defects, still births, or permanent birth defects Prevention: Don’t have sex at all or until cured ** remember that condoms are NOT 100%

Syphilis

Syphilis

Syphilis

Syphilis

Syphilis

Hepatitis B Viral STD Transmission: Symptoms: having any type of sexual contact- oral, anal, or vaginal Needle sharing Can be passed from mother to baby during birth Symptoms: Tiredness Jaundice (yellow skin) Dark urine Nausea

Hepatitis B Cramps Treatment: there is no cure, but you can prevent it by vaccines Long term effects: can cause liver failure or liver cancer death Prevention: Don’t have sex at all If you chose to have sexual intercourse with someone who has hep B you can get it **remember that condoms are not 100%

Hepatitis B Normal liver

Hepatitis B Section of liver damaged by HBV. Note the enlarged cells and blistering of the capsular surface.

This woman is suffering from liver cancer caused by Hep B Hepatitis B This woman is suffering from liver cancer caused by Hep B

HIV Viral STD Stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission: having any type of sexual contact- oral, anal, or vaginal Needle sharing Mother to baby during pregnancy Can be passed through birth and breast feeding Symptoms: Tiredness Fever Night sweats

HIV Treatment: there is no cure, but you can treat it with medication Weight loss Swollen glands Diarrhea Lesions Sores Treatment: there is no cure, but you can treat it with medication Long term effects: Damages the body’s immune system so it can no longer fight infection and cancers Prevention: Don’t have sex at all or share needles If you chose to have sexual intercourse or are exposed to the blood with someone who has HIV you can get it **remember that condoms are not 100%

HIV Sores on the tongue

HIV Lesions on body

HIV

HIV

Pubic Lice An STD that is not viral or bacterial Also known as “crabs” External parasites that infests the pubic region Transmission: Close physical contact with infected person or infected bedding or clothing The lice can lay eggs in your pubic region and can multiply quickly Symptoms: Itching Discomfort The lice can bite and make the area inflamed

Pubic Lice Treatment: Long term effects: Special shampoos Washing ALL clothing and bedding Long term effects: Permanent damage to reproductive system and infertility Prevention: Don’t have sex at all, be careful near infected people, be sanitary If you chose to have sexual intercourse with someone with pubic lice, you can get it **remember that condoms are not 100% especially since they are in pubic hair

Pubic Lice

Pubic Lice

Pubic Lice

Scabies Scabies is an intensely itchy, contagious skin infestation of parasitic mites. A rash of inflamed pimple-like lumps appears as an allergic reaction to the mites, their eggs and faeces.

Pubic Lice

Genital Warts - HPV