CHAPTER SEVEN Networks, Telecommunications, and Mobile Technology

The Telecommunications Revolution It began with the deregulation of AT&T in 1986 AT&T sold long distance 7 baby bells were formed Since then, there has been much M & A activity At this point, it was all POTS Sprint was formed and sold long distance MCI was formed and sold long distance Natural gas pipeline companies and others selling bandwidth Cable TV is not just for television anymore VOIP (Vonage, Skype and others)

Trends and Focus Items From proprietary networks to open systems TCP/IP XML From analog signals to digital signals From copper wires to fiber Wireless, wireless, wireless There are different wireless standards

Key Terms (1) Telecommunication system - enable the transmission of data over public or private networks Network - a communications, data exchange, and resource-sharing system created by linking two or more computers and establishing standards, or protocols, so that they can work together

Key Terms (2) Local area network (LAN) - is designed to connect a group of computers in close proximity to each other such as in an office building, a school, or a home. Wide area network (WAN) - spans a large geographic area, such as a state, province, or country Metropolitan area network (MAN) - a large computer network usually spanning a city

Key Terms (3) Virtual private network (VPN) - a way to use the public telecommunication infrastructure (e.g., Internet) to provide secure access to an organization’s network Valued-added network (VAN) - a private network, provided by a third party, for exchanging information through a high capacity connection

The Internet Revolution The Internet changes everything (Jeff Bezos – Amazon.com) The Internet changes nothing (Len Bosac - Cisco)

Metcalfe’s Law The usefulness of a network equals the square of the number of users 2,300,000,000 (2,300,000,000 – 1)

Using the Net for a Competitive Advantage Voice over IP (VOIP) Networking business Increasing the speed of business Optimizing business efficiency

Voice Over IP Skype was one of the first Vonage AT&T and Cable providers Cisco Many companies use VOIP to reduce telephony charges

Voice Over IP (Illustration)

Increasing the Speed of Business Bandwidth - is the difference between the highest and the lowest frequencies that can be transmitted on a single medium, and it is a measure of the medium's capacity

Types of Channels Physical Twisted pair 2MB to 100MB Coax (Ethernet) 200MB to 500mb Fiber 320+ GB Wireless Microwave 200MB Satellite 200+MB Bluetooth (1MB)

Network Security Encryption Dedicated (leased) lines VPN

Mobility (Terms) Mobile means the technology can travel with the user, but it is not necessarily in real-time Hand-held devices that dock when the user returns to the office Wireless gives users a live (Internet) connection via satellite or radio transmitters

Mobility (Examples) FedEx and UPS hand-held devices (real-time wireless connections) Budweiser (Hand-held devices with docking stations) Season pass scanners

Cell Phones and PDAs In 10 years, the PC might be obsolete Blackberries have permeated business The iPhone A 25 billion dollar industry in apps Bandwidth allows for the convergence of voice, video, and data

Cellular Service (Illustration)

The Cellular Revolution

Satellite Technologies They use microwaves Terrestrial microwaves Geosynchronous satellites Require line of sight Good for remote locations Slow upload speeds Iridium

Global Positioning Systems 24 satellites transmit constantly Your GPS receives these signals and triangulates your position

GPS Illustration

Geographical Information Systems (Introduction) GIS integrates: Spatial database Query engine Rendering and mapping engine Use with GPS Demo at s/arcinfo/about/demos.html s/arcinfo/about/demos.html

WiMAX Wide area wi-fi Sprint, AT&T, Google WiMAX cells can cover up to 3000 square miles

RFID This is a hot topic My Heavenly ski pass has an RFID tag Retailers used RFID in certain items for loss prevention Use on shipping containers Wal-Mart uses RFID on all palletized shipments Wynn uses them in it’s casino chips

RFID (Privacy Concerns) Imagine what I could learn with an RFID tag embedded into your credit card

RFID (Types) Active tags have their own power source Passive tags get power from the RFID reader

Mobile Workforce Trends Social networking gets mobilized Mobile TV Multi-function devices become cheaper and more versatile Location-based services Mobile advertising Wireless providers move into home entertainment Wireless security moves to the forefront Enterprise mobility