National Crop Biosecurity United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Crop Biosecurity Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection & Quarantine Emergency and Domestic Programs

Agenda…. ► Background; USDA-APHIS-PPQ ► Pest & Disease Pathways United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Agenda…. ► Background; USDA-APHIS-PPQ ► Pest & Disease Pathways ► PPQ – National Crop Biosecurity ► Case Study: Potato Cyst Nematode (PCN)

United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Bruce Knight, Under Secretary for MRPBS 3

United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture

Plant Protection & Quarantine Ag. Bioterrorism Protection Act, 2002 United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Plant Protection & Quarantine Mission Safeguard agriculture and natural resources from risks associated with the entry, establishment, or spread of plant pests and noxious weeds. Plant Protection Act, 2000 Ag. Bioterrorism Protection Act, 2002

Pest and Disease Pathways United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Pest and Disease Pathways Unintentional Intentional Natural Movement Accidental Introduction Smuggling Bioterrorism

Why Target Agriculture? United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Why Target Agriculture? American Agriculture ~13% of the Gross Domestic Product ~17% of all U.S. employment ~25 million Americans are employed in agricultural-related industries Agricultural industries valued at $230 billion Agricultural Exports account for $140 billion & 860,000 jobs

Why Target Agriculture? United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Why Target Agriculture? Ramifications & Consequences: Devastating impact on U.S. agriculture economy Loss of nation’s supply of food & fiber Disruption of trade & commerce Increased dependency on imports Impact on environment / quality of life

Asian Long-horned Beetle United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Asian Long-horned Beetle

Asian Long-horned Beetle United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Asian Long-horned Beetle

Asian Long-horned Beetle United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Asian Long-horned Beetle

Emergency Response and Recovery Plant Health vs. All Hazards United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Emergency Response and Recovery Plant Health vs. All Hazards Plant Health All Hazards Lead Agency APHIS-PPQ FEMA Authority Plant Protection Act Homeland Security Act Policy NIMS-ICS National Response Framework APHIS’ Role Primary Lead – ESF11 Presidential Declaration Not required Required

National Crop Biosecurity United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Crop Biosecurity PPQ Vision Highly Coordinated Systems: Science-based Maximum protection Minimum adverse impacts Inclusive

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements 1. Prevention 2. Preparedness 3. Response 4. Recovery

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements Off-Shore Pre-Clearance Program 1. Prevention Agricultural Quarantine Inspection 2. Preparedness Permits Surveillance 3. Response Diagnostics Mitigations 4. Recovery Critical Infrastructure Vulnerability Assessment

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements Prevention Agricultural Quarantine Inspection Support to DHS Customs and Border Protection: Policies, Rules, and Regulations Pest identification at 25 ports-of-entry Technical training Inspect plant material Animal products (Veterinary Regulatory Services)

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements Prevention Agricultural Quarantine Inspection

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements Off-Shore Pest Information System 1. Prevention NAPPO Phytosanitary Alert System Risk Assessment 2. Preparedness Science Panels 3. Response New Pest Response Guidelines Diagnostics (development, validation, capacity) 4. Recovery Survey – Detection (CAPS, NAPIS, NBIS) Treatment (mitigation) Training (ICS, survey, diagnostics, data management, mitigation, exercises, etc.) Infrastructure

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements Preparedness Diagnostic Networks & Data Management Cornell University North Carolina Texas A&M Kansas State University of Florida Michigan State Purdue University Iowa State University Western Region North-central Southern Northeastern Colorado State University University of Arizona Louisiana State University University of Georgia University Of Wisconsin Washington State UC Davis

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements Preparedness Preparedness and Response Training: ICS 100/200 (Mandatory APHIS Employee Training) ICS 300 (Mandatory for All State Plant Health Directors) Full-Scale Exercises Workshops/Seminars Table Top Exercises Functional Exercises

Public Information Officer Technical Working Group United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine ICS - Command Staff Unified Command SPHD & SPRO Planning Chief Operations Chief Logistics Admin/ Finance Public Information Officer Safety Officer Liaison Officers Technical Working Group Intelligence Officer IES

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements Implementation Plan Generic and Sector-Specific Elements 1. Prevention Incident Command System Federal and State Unified Command 2. Preparedness e-Resource Allocation and Tracking Human, Fiscal, and Physical Resources 3. Response Survey - Detection Adequate – Timely 4. Recovery Diagnostics Accurate and Timely Mitigations Timely – containment, control, and eradication

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity Response Incident Command System Federal and State Unified Command Emerald Ash Borer (MI, IN, IL, OH) Plum Pox Virus (NY, MI, PA) Citrus Greening & Canker (FL) Sirex noctilio (NY) Fruit Fly Outbreaks (CA, FL, MX) Potato Cyst Nematode (ID)

Communication and Coordination United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Communication and Coordination PPQ Deputy Administrator Western Region Emergency & Domestic Programs Eastern Region IMT RRT LPA OHS IMT RRT FBI ARS – Agriculture Research Service CPHST – Center for Plant Health Science and Technology CSREES - Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service IAT – Incident Assessment Team IES – Investigative and Enforcement Service IMT – Incident Management Team LPA – Legislative and Public Affairs MRPBS – Marketing and Regulatory Programs Business Service NASDA – National Association of State Departments of Agriculture NIS- National Identification Service NPAG – New Pest Advisory Group NPB – National Plant Board NPDN – National Plant Diagnostic Network NPGBL - National Plant Germplasm and Biotechnology Laboratory OEMHS – Office of Emergency Management and Homeland Security OHS – Office of Homeland Security PDMP – Pest Detection and Management Programs PHP – Plant Health Programs RRT – Rapid Response Team SITC – Safeguarding, Intervention, and Trade Compliance FW – U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service EPA – Environmental Protection Agency IES/SITC CPHST NPB Unified Command SPHD + SPRO Unified Command SPHD + SPRO NPAG OHSEC NIFA MRPBS IAT NASDA Industry ARS EPA 24

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity: Four Elements Recovery National Plant Disease Recovery System Prevention Elements Survey and Detection Long-Term Pest Control Systems

National Framework for Crop Biosecurity Citrus Health Response Plan United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Framework for Crop Biosecurity Recovery Citrus Health Response Plan Asiatic Soybean Rust

National Crop Biosecurity United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine National Crop Biosecurity Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection & Quarantine http://www.aphis.usda.gov/subjects/plant_health/ Andrew.R.Wilds@usda.gov