Proprietary January 15, 2006 Ann Arbor, MI BalloonWinds Integration Status

Proprietary BalloonWinds Overview/Goals Validate instrument system models for a downward looking platform in a near space environment Demonstrate Multi-Order Photon Recycled Fringe Imaging from a high altitude (30 km) balloon Demonstrate technology under as many atmospheric conditions as possible; i.e. high and low clouds, high and low winds, variable boundary layer aerosol conditions, day and nighttime

Proprietary The Fringe Imaging Approach

Proprietary Team & Organizational Responsibilities University of New Hampshire (UNH)-System/Integration CCD Camera Thermal Management, Power Distribution and Telemetry System Gondola Design and Systems Engineering Control Electronics Chamber Design Michigan Aerospace Corp. (MAC)-Instrument Instrument Systems Engineering Interferometer and Environmental Packaging Laser/Telescope System and Environmental Packaging Instrument Control System Control Electronics Packaging Raytheon- Santa Barbara Remote Sensing (SBRS) Telescope, Laser Development Oversight Fibertek Diode Pumped Laser NOAA

Proprietary Balloon Flight Overview Data Collection Time at Float8 Hours Launch SiteHolloman Air Force Base, NM Flight Altitude30km (100,000 ft) Temperature/ Float-45 0 C and 5 milli-bar Elevation of Telescope-45º ±1º Gondola Rotation Rate< 3 rotation/hour Vibration/Shock3G Max takeoff Measurement RangeClear night skies: (float – 2 km) to Ground Cloudy night: (float – 2 km) to (cloud top + 1 km) Altitude Gate Size1 km > 3km; 0.25 km ≤ 3km LOS Profile Measurement≥2 seconds

Proprietary Flight Schedule Flight #ObjectiveAtmospheric ConditionMission Date 1Nighttime Concept DemonstrationNight: Clear AirMay Daytime Concept DemonstrationDay: Partly CloudyMay Day & Night System DemonstrationDay & Night: Partly CloudySept Comments/ Notes All balloon flights will include molecular and aerosol channel optimized interferometers First 2 flights are intended to be concept demonstrations Flight 1: Demonstrate the electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical performance of the integrated instrument for nighttime flight conditions. Flight 2: Demonstrate the ability to operate during the daytime given the additional thermal load and the increased optical background Instrument modifications required for the final flight will be made in the 4 months leading up to the final flight.

Proprietary Gondola Design Gondola Mass: ~5000 lbs Power Requirements: 1300 W Thermal Management: Ice Phase Change, 0 ° C coolant temperature Size: 8’ h x 8’w x 12’ l Lithium Ion Batteries Gondola Mass: ~5000 lbs Power Requirements: 1300 W Thermal Management: Ice Phase Change, 0 ° C coolant temperature Size: 8’ h x 8’w x 12’ l Lithium Ion Batteries

Proprietary BalloonWinds Program Status at a Glance Main Sub-Systems Build/TestNotes Interferometer Subsystem XOptical, thermal, mechanical, electrical, and control completed Laser-Telescope Subsystem XOptical, thermal, mechanical, electrical, and control completed Instrument Control System XTested with all instrument system hardware Gondola Frame 90% Control Electronics Chamber Delivered & Pressure Tested Complete Integration upon delivery of instrument control electronics from MAC Battery Boxes 90% Thermal Chamber DeliveredWill be tested once full gondola integrated with instrument system BalloonWinds Trailer Delivered Instrument system being delivered to UNH for gondola integration this week

Proprietary BalloonWinds Control Architecture

Proprietary Gondola FrameElectronics Chamber -Thermal Chamber Gondola Hardware

Proprietary BalloonWinds Trailer 8’ Office Trailer is 30’ long and 13’ tall Door for trailer acts as ramp for gondola to be rolled into Trailer contains office and all ground support equipment

Proprietary GroundWinds- BalloonWinds Comparison BWGWImpact LaserDiode PumpedFlash lampSpace prototype 10x more efficient and much more compact & rugged. CCDAndor EMCCDPixel VisionHigh reliability and shot-limited performance. Pixel Vision went out of business a 1 ½ yr ago. CLIOExternalInternalEnabled transition to commercial CCD without major impact. INTF Design Single Detector/ Dual Channel Each channel Separate Rail BW is far more compact and provides a path to a space instrument. TelescopePrimary is from Space Design Amateur QualityBW telescope is higher quality and efficiency as well as athermal. Beam Steering Active: High Dynamic Range ManualAccommodates environmental induced alignment changes quickly. Fringe Resolution M: 50 Ch/FSR A: 19 Ch/ FSR M:20/25 Ch/FSR A:8 Ch/FSR Improved fringe modeling.

Proprietary BalloonWinds Optical Path Layout

Proprietary Laser-Telescope Subsystem Laser GLTI Telescope Laser Head & Control Electronics Beam Delivery and Beam Steering Independent telemetry data acquisition system for environmental monitoring and power control. Liquid to air heat exchangers regulate internal temperature Pressure maintained to 1.0 ATM Telescope and laser coupled through common interface (GLTI)

Proprietary BalloonWinds Telescope Diameter50 CM FOV190 μ radians Overall Measured Efficiency88% Encircled um98% ManufacturerLightWorks Athermal design: 30 C to –55 c focal change <2 mm. Rigid structure: Elevation change from +45 to – 45 the pointing angle deviates 49 urad

Proprietary Diode Pumped Laser Laser & Chamber Wavelength355 NM Pulse Frequency/Length50 HZ/ 20 ns Divergence (Expanded)110 μ radians Average Output Power4.2 Watts Type (ND:YAG)DIODE PUMPED ManufacturerFIBERTEK Raw Input Power250 Watts Laser is thermally controlled by forced convection Electronics and optical head integrated as one unit

Proprietary Diode Pumped Laser Frequency Stability Histogram was derived from 1200 measurements Results indicate a ~5MHz RMS laser frequency stability

Proprietary Laser Chamber Integration To Test Frame

Proprietary Integrated Laser-Telescope System

Proprietary Laser Enclosure Subsystem Connector Block 2 nd Beam Expander Assembly Beam Fold Mirror FiberTek 355nm Laser Assembly Reference Fiber Pick-off Assembly Beam Delivery Window Beam Steering Assembly Heat ExchangerO-ring Seal 1 st Beam Expander Top Down View

Proprietary Laser Enclosure Subsystem Connector Block 2 nd Beam Expander Assembly Beam Fold Mirror FiberTek 355nm Laser Assembly Reference Fiber Pick-off Assembly Beam Delivery Window Beam Steering Assembly Heat Exchanger O-ring Seal 1 st Beam Expander Top Down View

Proprietary Beam Delivery Optics in Laser Chamber Beam Delivery Plate

Proprietary Laser Chamber After Internal Harnessing

Proprietary BalloonWinds Gondola/Instrument Concept 1.Shock Mounted, Thermally Controlled Hermetic Vessel 20” ID x 44” 2.Molecular & Aerosol Interferometer Channels 3.Etalon Control Electronics 4.Narrow band Pre-Filter and associated optics 5.PMTs for telescope alignment and amplifiers 6.CCD Camera and Power Supply 1.Shock Mounted, Thermally Controlled Hermetic Vessel 20” ID x 44” 2.Molecular & Aerosol Interferometer Channels 3.Etalon Control Electronics 4.Narrow band Pre-Filter and associated optics 5.PMTs for telescope alignment and amplifiers 6.CCD Camera and Power Supply Interferometer Chamber

Proprietary Interferometer Part Identification Aerosol Etalon Filter Box CLIO Exteder Camera Recycler Mount Fold Mirror Molecular Etalon Collimator Lens Objective Lens Relay Lens

Proprietary BalloonWinds Etalons BalloonWindsMolecularAerosol Plate Spacing1.60 cm5.58 cm Number of Orders Free Spectral Range (FSR) cm cm -1 Dynamic Range1644 m/s/order473 m/s/order Plate Diameter6.0 Coated Clear Aperture5.0 Reflectivity Etalon Plate FlatnessLambda/150 Loss/Plate<0.01 Number of CCD Channels200230

Proprietary Aerosol Channel of BalloonWinds Interferometer

Proprietary Molecular Channel of BalloonWinds Interferometer

Proprietary Top Down View of BalloonWinds Interferometer

Proprietary Side View of BalloonWinds Interferometer

Proprietary BalloonWinds Interferometer Pre- Chamber Integration

Proprietary BalloonWinds Interferometer System with Flight Harnessing Fiber Harness Cooling Lines Electrical Harnesses

Proprietary Recycler Face Recycler Fiber Assembly Molecular Interferometer System Fiber Illumination Through Etalon Fringe Spectrum Through Recycler

Proprietary Molecular Interferometer System Fringe Spectrum Through Recycler Fringe Image Through Extender Molecular Fringe Spectrum Through Full System Molecular Finesse = 5.7 Recycling efficiency = 2.1 #Orders = 4

Proprietary Aerosol Fringe Image Full Optical System Finesse= 6.87 Recycling efficiency=2.3 #Orders=12

Proprietary First BalloonWinds Fringe Image Molecular Return Aerosol Return Laser Reference

Proprietary Expected System Performance Andor Telescope FOV190 urad Diameter50 cm Sep. from Laser68.5 cm Laser Divergence (5x)0.110 mrad Beam Diameter5.0 cm PRF50 Hz Power3 watts Wavelength355 nm CCD Read Noise0.09 e-/read Dark Counts0.01 e-/sec/pix #Images Read250 Integ. Time5 Seconds Measured Sys Eff*4.5% UA Bin Size3

Proprietary Wrap-Up What will be complete by next meeting…. –Full system integration –Side by side inter-comparison with GroundWinds NH –Thermal Vacuum testing of Gondola System –First Flight

Proprietary ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The BalloonWinds team would like to thank the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for their continued support of the GroundWinds and BalloonWinds fringe imaging technology.

Proprietary Innovation & Results We are hiring!  Optical Engineers/Physicists  MS or PhD  Senior and entry level positions available  U.S. citizenship required