The World Turned Upside Down? Globalization and The Future of the State, By R. J. Barry Jones Presentation by Travis George, Marta Okoniewski and Stephen Sumner Presentation by Travis George, Marta Okoniewski and Stephen Sumner

Introduction  The history and definition of globalization and the state  The purpose and forms of state action  The state’s future role  The history and definition of globalization and the state  The purpose and forms of state action  The state’s future role

Author’s Purpose  To explore the contemporary and future role of the state where the concept of globalization has been “unleashed” or understood

The nation-state  Conceptualization of the modern state – the “nation-state”  Secularization  Nationalization  The “state-nation”  Conceptualization of the modern state – the “nation-state”  Secularization  Nationalization  The “state-nation”

The Globalization Debate  Four Broad Positions  The Strong Globalization View  The Weak Globalization View  Globalization vs Internationalization  Four Broad Positions  The Strong Globalization View  The Weak Globalization View  Globalization vs Internationalization

The Space -Time Continuum  Comparison of 19 th and 20 th Century internationalization and/or globalization  A new global era during the 20 th century?  Space-Time Compression  Comparison of 19 th and 20 th Century internationalization and/or globalization  A new global era during the 20 th century?  Space-Time Compression

New Global Institutions  The US the most influential actor post World War II  Marshall Plan  Bretton Woods Conference of 1944  GATT, the basis for the ITO and later the WTO  The US the most influential actor post World War II  Marshall Plan  Bretton Woods Conference of 1944  GATT, the basis for the ITO and later the WTO

State Action in Question The traditional purpose and forms of state action

Purposes of State Action  Pursuit of national strength and state well-being  military protects against external threats  Suppress opposition  Provide social cohesion and order  Need for protection creates group unity  State engagement in economic and industrial systems for economic wealth  Pursuit of national strength and state well-being  military protects against external threats  Suppress opposition  Provide social cohesion and order  Need for protection creates group unity  State engagement in economic and industrial systems for economic wealth

Trends in state economic intervention  Military expansion/Colonialism  Development of mercantilist state  Nationalism and Democracy  Military expansion/Colonialism  Development of mercantilist state  Nationalism and Democracy

Traditional forms of state action  The “assertive state” or “Interventionist state”  Developmental, distributive, and laissez-faire states  The “assertive state” or “Interventionist state”  Developmental, distributive, and laissez-faire states

The interventionist state  Responses to external threats  Underdevelopment  Examples in Latin America, Africa, and East and South East Asia  Economic decline and disruption  Responses to external threats  Underdevelopment  Examples in Latin America, Africa, and East and South East Asia  Economic decline and disruption

Distributive and laissez-faire states  Capitalist Development State  Distributive Social-Democratic State  ‘Anglo-American’ laissez-faire state  Capitalist Development State  Distributive Social-Democratic State  ‘Anglo-American’ laissez-faire state

The Future of the State What is the state’s role in the new world?

What is Governance? “Governance is the sum of the many ways individuals and institutions, public and private, manage their common affairs” - Commission on Global Governance

Forms and Functions Forms: PublicPrivate FormalU.N.FIFA InformalG8Cartels Functions: - Collective goods - Externalities - Minority needs

The State and Governance  States have proven to be the most effective form of public governance.  Individual well-being  Social stability and welfare  Economic strength and capability  States have proven to be the most effective form of public governance.  Individual well-being  Social stability and welfare  Economic strength and capability

Other Modes of Governance  Regional  Micro-regional  Meso-regional  Macro-regional  Others  Regional  Micro-regional  Meso-regional  Macro-regional  Others

A World Without States  Two primary worries:  No mechanism for global issues  Would leave private entities to fill void of governance  Disintegration of global system  World Cities?  New medievalism?  Two primary worries:  No mechanism for global issues  Would leave private entities to fill void of governance  Disintegration of global system  World Cities?  New medievalism?

Analysis/Critique  States have played key roles in globalization  Policies on trade and finance  Too much focus on financial/economic concern  Social impacts?  States have played key roles in globalization  Policies on trade and finance  Too much focus on financial/economic concern  Social impacts?