The State of the Engineering Education Pipeline: History, Status, and Goals Robert Cassidy Erik Dunmire

Overview Role of CCC in CA Engineering Education Status of CCC Engineering Programs Status of ENGR Articulation & Transfer Inconsistency in transfer requirements Proposed Solution

CA Engineering Transfer pre-1999 (Ancient?) History > 41% of BS ENGR Degrees from CC Transfers The Core = Common Set of LD Courses Required for Nearly All Engineering Majors & Institutions Courses: Calculus I, II, III, Diff Eqns, Chem IA, IB, Physics IA, IB, IC Engineering: Intro, Graphics, Statics, Materials, Circuits Computer Programming

Community Colleges still represent a major part of the Engineering Education Pipeline in CA Estimates from CPEC data. CSU CCC UC 41% 23% 33% B.S. Engineers

especially in terms of under-represented students

80% of CCs transfer 30 or fewer Engineering students per year but these transfers are highly distributed.

CC Engineering course offerings are therefore limited.

CA Higher Ed: Largest System in the World 112 CCs a Mess! 23 CSUs 10 UCs x ( + ) x 5 courses = Course-to-Course Articulation:

Calc I, II, III Diff Eq & L.A. Physics I, II Physics III Gen Chem I Gen Chem II Intro Design Graphics Solid Mech Materials Circuits Intro Progr Adv Progr Data Struct Thermo BioengineeringXXXXRR1R1 R1R1 R Bio/MaterialsXXXXRRRR ChemicalXRXXXRRR CivilXXXX1X1 XX1X1 RRR4R4 R ComputationalXXXX3X3 XX3X3 RX3X3 R Electrical/CompXXXXXRRRRR EnvironmentalXXXX3X3 XX3X3 X3X3 R IndustrialXXXXRR2R2 R2R2 R2R2 R2R2 RRR2R2 ManufacturingXXXXRRRRR MaterialsXXXXXXRRRR MechanicalXXXXRRRRR NuclearXXXXXRRRR Inconsistency Among Majors (at UCB) R = RecommendedX = Required 1 choose one 2 choose two 3 choose three 4 specialized Civil Materials course only MAJORS COURSES

Inconsistency Among Institutions (for Civil) Calc I, II, III Diff Eqns Linear Alg Physics I, II Physics III Gen Chem I Gen Chem II Intro Graphics Statics Materials Circuits Comp/Progr Strgth Matls Dynamics Surveying Geology UC BerkeleyXX2X2 X2X2 XX1X1 XX1X1 R4R4 R2R2 R6R6 R7R7 RR2R2 R UC DavisXXXXXXXXXXXR UC IrvineXRRXRXRR5R5 RRR UCLAXXXXXXXR2R2 RXRR2R2 Cal Poly SLOXX2X2 X2X2 XXXRR5R5 RXXXRRRR CSU ChicoXXXX1X1 XX1X1 X4X4 XXXXXXX1X1 CSU FresnoXXXXXX5X5 XXXXXX CSU FullertonXX2X2 X2X2 XXXXX CSU LAXXXXXXXXXXXXX CSU LBXXXXXX3X3 XXX6X6 XX CSUSXXXXXX1X1 XXXX1X1 X SDSUXXXXX5X5 XXX SF StateXX2X2 X2X2 XXXX3X3 XXXXXXX San Jose StateXXX1X1 XXXX1X1 X4X4 X2X2 XXXX2X2 X R = RecommendedX = Required 1 choose one 2 combined course 3 Careers/soft skills 4 Design 5 specialized Intro to Civil only 6 specialized Civil Materials course only 7 microelectronic circuits

Inconsistency in Content (Programming) Aero Biochem Biomed Chemical Civil Computer Electrical Envirmtl Industrial Manufrng Materials Mech Nuclear Structural UC Berkeley-99Any UC Davis ,22, UC Irvine UC Los Angeles UC Riverside ,8-- UC San Diego UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Cruz Cal Poly SLO , CSU Chico CSU Fresno CSU Fullerton CSU LA CSU LB CSU Sacramento San Diego State SF State San Jose State , Major not offered0. No required course1. C 2. C++ 3. Fortran4. Java5. Python 6. C/MATLAB 7. Excel/MATLAB 8. MATLAB problem-solving focus9. MATLAB programming 10. Other

Impacts on Students Data from RP Group (The Research & Planning Group for Calif. Community Colleges) Surveys and Data Analysis of Transfer Engineering Graduates A Long & Leaky Pipeline: … “Inconsistent lower-division major requirements represent a significant barrier to transfer for Engineering students.” Complexity of academic planning, Large number of pre-transfer units, and Long times to transfer (84% took >2 years, 38% took >4 years) Decreasing availability of CC Engineering courses causes Swirl (attend multiple CCs), Incomplete LD Prep, Decreased success Long time to degree 61% >= 6 years total, 26% >= 8 years total And remember, these were the “Completers”!

The Solution Proposed ^

C-ID Course Identification System 112 CCs Better 23 CSUs 10 UCs ( + + ) x 5 C-IDs = Course-to-CID Articulation:

Calc I, II, III Diff Eq Physics I, II Physics III Gen Chem I Intro Graphics Statics Materials Circuits Intro Programming Progr MATLAB Data Structures Discrete Structures Surveying Dynamics Strength of Materials Aero/Mech/ManuXXXX1X1 XXXXXXX4X4 X4X4 RR CivilXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X4X4 X4X4 X2X2 Computer/SWXXXX1X1 XXX3X3 XXX ElectricalXXXX1X1 XXX3X3 X Consistency Among Majors R = RecommendedX = Required 1 may be required 2 CC may offer Surveying if available 3 with lab 4 choose C++ or MATLAB course MAJORS COURSES

Consistency Among Institutions (for Civil) Calc I, II, III Diff Eqns Physics I, II Physics III Gen Chem I Intro Graphics Statics Materials Circuits Intro /Progr MATLAB Surveying UC BerkeleyXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 UC DavisXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 UC IrvineXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 UCLAXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 Cal Poly SLOXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 CSU ChicoXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 CSU FresnoXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 CSU FullertonXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 CSU LAXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 CSU LBXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 CSUSXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 SDSUXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 SF StateXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 San Jose StateXXXX1X1 XXXXXX2X2 X3X3 X3X3 X2X2 R = RecommendedX = Required 1 may be required 2 CC may offer Surveying if available 3 with lab 4 choose C++ or MATLAB course

Consistency in Content C-ID (Course Identification Numbering System) Course Descriptors

C-ID From a 4-Year Perspective UC Irvine Engineering is currently maintaining 2,407 course syllabi from 110 California Community Colleges, or 22 courses per school on average UCI Engineering articulates 68 distinct required courses C-ID offers 39 descriptors that overlap with UCI Engineering required courses Articulating with C-ID would reduce the number of course reviews by at least 75% (approx reviews), and provide a roadmap to articulate with CalState UCI, along with many other UCs are under increasing pressure to articulate with universities outside of California as well as with international universities, but faculty and staff lack the bandwidth to handle this additional load

UCI AssistC-ID Allan Hancock CollegeCHEM 150 American River CollegeCHEM 400 Berkeley City CollegeCHEM 1A El Camino CollegeCHEM 1A Cerritos CollegeCHEM 111 Cerro Coso Community College CHEM C111 Chabot CollegeCHEM 1A Citrus CollegeCHEM 111 Columbia CollegeCHEM 1ACHEM 1A or (CHEM 2A and CHEM 2AL) Contra Costa CollegeCHEM 120 Crafton Hills CollegeCHEM 150CHEM 150 or CHEM 150H Cosumnes River CollegeCHEM 400 Cuesta CollegeCHEM 201A Cuyamaca CollegeCHEM 141 Cypress CollegeCHEM 111AC De Anza CollegeCHEM 1ACHEM 1A and CHEM 1B Diablo Valley CollegeCHEM 120 Evergreen Valley CollegeCHEM 1A Feather River CollegeCHEM 102 Fresno City CollegeCHEM 1A Fullerton CollegeCHEM 111AF Gavilan CollegeCHEM 1A Golden West CollegeCHEM G180 Hartnell CollegeCHM 1A Imperial Valley CollegeCHEM 200 Irvine Valley CollegeCHEM 1A 76 schools offer C-ID approved CHEM 110 General Chemistry with Lab courses. All 76 courses are identical to (or better than) UCI ASSIST entries. UCI can replace 76 school-school agreements by articulating to a single C-ID course. Comparison of UCI Assist and C-ID for CHEM 110 (General Chemistry with Lab)

C-ID From a 4-Year Perspective Universities are not prevented from continuing school-school agreements for courses that lack C-ID descriptors or for tailored courses from key feeder schools Course development is a significant challenge for community colleges with small engineering populations and C-ID descriptors are the easiest path for new courses to be developed Aligning around C-ID reduces friction for students to transfer and to keep multiple schools as viable options. Students always cover their bases. The time to grow engineering programs at California Community Colleges is now:

Unduplicated transfer applications for engineering from CCC to the UC system have increased from 1,871 in 2008 to 4,663 in Demand for engineering transfer has never been higher and with an average of 42 students per year per CCC, expanded course offerings are viable and the most realistic path for expanding offerings is by aligning with C-ID.