Primary Education Presentation for Consultative Committee 16 th July 2007

Primary Education : Basic Statistics Child Population years (Census 2001) cr. Number of Primary Schools7,67,520 Number of Primary Teachers21,60,666 Number of EGS centres146240

Primary Education : Initiatives SSA initiated in ; effectively started in Operation Blackboard merged with SSA. NFE scheme modified to new EGS & AIE scheme, included under SSA DPEP now only in 17 districts in 2 States under overall umbrella of SSA. KGBV scheme merged with SSA w.e.f

WHAT DOES SSA PROVIDE :-  Providing basic facilities in each school  Setting up of primary schools within 1 k.m. radius  Education Guarantee Scheme and Alternative Innovative Education centres as alternative schools.  Back to school programme through bridge courses and residential camps.  Additional classrooms – a room for every teacher with minimum of two teachers at Primary level  Toilets/drinking water/child friendly elements.  Additional teachers to get pupil teacher ratio of 40:1.

What SSA Provided for Basic Facilities Item Targets up to (in lakh) Achievement up 2006(in lakh)s % Cumulative achievement New Primary Schools opened % Teachers appointed % Drinking Water % Toilets % Construction Primary School building Additional Classrooms Comp.IPCompComp. & IP % 58% 74% 94%

Access at Primary Stage Access less (no school within 1 km.) habitations as per 7 th AIES 1,60,528 Primary schools provided till under SSA and DPEP 2,04,200 98% of rural population has access to primary school within 1 km. of habitation EGS centres are providing education to 24 lakh children in sparsely populated habitations with relaxed norms in tribal areas. About 28 lakh children are covered through context specific AIE intervention

GER at primary stage is GER < 100 in AP, Bihar, Haryana, J&K, Jharkhand, Kerala, Nagaland, Punjab, Chandigarh, Delhi and Laksadweep 52 lakh children in EGS and AIE Gross Enrolment Ratios Enrolment at Primary Stage GER at Primary Level

Out of School Children The number of out of school children is 75 lakh (2007) (3.5%). 2.9% in 6-11 yrs OoSC Number of districts with more than 50,000 OoSC has reduced from 48 (2005) to 24 (2007). (Assam 1, Bihar 11, Chattisgarh 1, Haryana 1, Orissa 1, West Bengal 9) Goal – I contd…/- In lakhs

Girls enrolment increased from 43.7%( )to 46.7%( ). Gender gap reduced from 19 to 6 percent pts. 48 distt. Gender Gap > 10% pts. High gender gap  Bihar(24)  Rajasthan (9)  Gujarat(16)  Jharkhand (16) Districts with gender gap > 10% points Bridging Gender Gap at primary

 Programme for participation of girls  Free Text Books  National Programme on Education of Girls at Elementary level started in 3291 educationally backward blocks.  Innovative activities like pre-school centres/bridge courses/vocational education/bicycles etc.  Gender sensitization of education personnel and teachers.  Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (residential schools) in educationally backward blocks launched in July, What does SSA Provide for Bridging Gender Gap

Bridging Social Gaps – Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes GER gap SC (nil) ST (2.15%pts ) State variations (GER Gap)  Primary (SC) Delhi Chandigarh T.Nadu Puducherry-7.8 Goa-4.38 Jharkhand-2.70 Bihar  Primary (ST) Rajasthan Bihar Orissa-9.76 Manipur-8.46 Meghalaya-7.58 Nagaland-4.9 Chatisgarh-4.05 Tripura-2.99 SC ST

 Free Text Books  51 SC concentration and 75 ST concentration districts identified )  EGS & AIE centres being opened in tribal areas with relaxed norms (10-15 children).  Flexible schooling strategies for working migrant children  NGO’s involved in specific initiatives in urban slums and street children What Does SSA Provide for Bridging SC & ST Gaps

 District specific strategies for SC & ST children (15 lakh for innovation  Recruitment of local tribal teachers.  Development of specific modules for training of teachers in tribal areas (AP, Gujarat, Orissa)  Use of primers in tribal languages to help in better transition to State language  Priority in KGBV hostels, 25% SC and 29% ST girls What Does SSA Provide for Bridging SC & ST Gaps

9.97% (22 lakhs) muslim children (6-14) were out of school (SRI-IMRB 2005 Survey). Bridging Social Category Gaps Muslim Minorities) Goal – II contd../-

 Free Text Books to Minority girls.  Text Books in Urdu  88 districts with more than 20% muslim population focussed for Muslim minority under SSA.  4624 PS, 1780 UPS and 31,702 EGS opened in these districts in % of total SSA allocation for these districts  Priority in KGBV Hostels, 529 KGBV Hostels in Muslim minority concentration districts What Does SSA Provide for Bridging Muslim Minoritiy Gap

 Muslim educational indicators being collected under DISE.  Supporting formal curriculum to children not attending regular schools through recognized / unrecognized Madarsas / Maktabs (13,176).  Teaching Learning Material Grants  Teacher Training  Free Text Books  Additional instructor to impart formal curriculum What Does SSA Provide for Bridging Minoritiy Gap

What Does SSA Provide for Children With Special need Support to CWSN, specific provision of Rs 1200 per child Coverage through enrolment in schools(19.97 lakh), EGS/AIE centres(1.12 lakh) and home based education ( 77140) lakh CWSN (63%) enrolled in schools out of 23 lakh identified. Provided assistive devices to 7.12 lakh CWSN Teachers training to teachers 6678 resource teachers appointed in 21 States. Barrier free access ramps in the 5.02 lakh school 620 NGOs involved in planning for IE, identification on CWSN, provision of aids and appliances, training on teachers etc. Focus now on in-class attention and appropriate materials/ teaching methods for enrolling CWSN

Dropout rates (pry.) have fallen by 11.3% pts. since (2.3% drop between ) Reduction in girls > 15% pts. Transition rates Pry. to U. Pry. improve from ( ) to ( ). Universal Retention by 2010 Dropout Rates

Goal III : Universal Retention by 2010 Upto 10% 10 to 20% 20 to 30% > 40% Primary Dropout Rates 30 to 40% Drop out at National level 29.21% (SES 2004) Dropout more than National Average is in Assam, Bihar, Goa, Meghalaya, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tripura, and West Bengal

Universal Retention – Scheduled Castes Gap between general and SC dropout rate is 5.21% Interstate variations Goa UP T. Nadu WB Haryana-9.8 HP-8.79 Chandigarh-7.61 Punjab-5.24 Dropout Gap 10-20% points > 20% points. Upto 10% points Primary Dropout Gap

Universal Retention – Scheduled Tribes Gap between general and ST dropout rate is 13.32% Interstate variations Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Manipur Orissa Gujarat Tamil Nadu % points > 20% points. Upto 10% points Dropout Gap Primary Dropout Gap

 What SSA Provides for Quality improvement  Provide additional teachers for PTR 1: 40 with minimum of two teachers  Grants – Teachers  Development of improved textbooks  Free textbooks for girls, SC, ST’s  Remedial teaching (for students needing greater attention )  Annual 20 day training of teachers  Decentralized academic support to schools/teachers through block & cluster level resource centers  Improved pupil assessment systems  School monitoring indicators

 PTR at primary – 41:1  State have recruited 8.25 lakhs teachers against the target of lakhs teachers.  States with high PTR at Pry Bihar (73:1),Jharkhand (53:1), UP (60:1), W. Bengal (47:1)  States that have to recruit more than teachers under SSA. Bihar West Bengal Rajasthan – Jharkhand – Orissa States with high PTR at pry PTR more than 41:1 Appointment of Teachers

Teacher Training Target in was 34,05,615 Overall progress 87% Less than 40% progress in Bihar, Sikkim, A & N Islands, Lakshadweep Fresh NCERT guidelines for in service training (The Reflective Teacher) Evaluation of teacher training underway (April, 2008) SSA also supports induction training and training of untrained teachers Focus on outcome oriented teacher training, to enable teachers to attain pre identified performance standards Less than 40% 40 – 60% progress % progress More than 80%

Textbooks Target in was 6,68,77,585 Overall progress 96% Issue of timeliness in distribution being addressed/monitored through MIEs/IPAI Free textbook from state budget: Puducherry, Karnataka, T. N., Gujarat (up to class VII), etc. Textbook revision recently completed, or currently underway in several states. Progress > 90% Progress < 90% From State budget

Assessment based learning improvement efforts Quality Tracking in Kerala KSQAO – Karnataka ABL – Tamil Nadu CLAPS – Andhra Pradesh LATS – Orissa GAP – Gujarat Buniyad – Jharkhand Read C. – Chhattisgarh Read M. – Madhya Pradesh LAP, LGP – Rajasthan School Grading, Nayee Disha – UP PLEP – Punjab SSUU – West Bengal Bidya Jyoti, LAP – Assam School Monitoring - Uttarakhand Learning Improvement Initiatives Recent initiatives

Remedial Teaching Target in was 43,60,095 Overall progress 78% Less than 40% progress in Andaman & Nicobar Is., Lakshadweep, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab and Sikkim Several States running programmes with NGOs. Less than 40% 40 – 60% progress % progress More than 80%

Learning Achievement Surveys by NCERT- Class III Mean AchievementLanguageMaths. Class-III (29 states / UTs) (S.D ) (S.D ) Maths 0-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 0-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% Language

Learning Achievement Surveys by NCERT - Class V Mean AchievementMathLang.EVS Class -V (31 states / UTs) (SD 21.30) (SD 18.30) (SD 20.67) Maths 0-50% 50-60% 70-80% 60-70% Language 0-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80%

Sub-dist. academic support structures Over 90% operational in all states except in Assam and some UTs Urban Resource Centers (URCs) being set up (SSA guidelines amended recently) Evaluation study being commissioned. Efforts to identify performance standards (ADEPTS) and emphasise primacy of the academic support role of BRCs and CRCs (e.g. through QMTs). < 90% functional BRCs CRCs

Improving Quality Attendance.

What Does SSA Provide for Community Involvement Community involvement - must in SSA  Village Education Committees and School Management Committees given key role in SSA implementation.  50% funds go to VEC/ SMC  VECs/Women’s groups monitor primary schools  Roles in implementation/monitoring assigned to Panchayati Raj Institutions.  More than 6000 NGOs involved in support to, and implementation of SSA interventions.

Focus in Outcomes Expected Reduction in dropouts by at least 5% at primary level. Reduction in gender gap by at least 5%. Enhancing student and teacher attendance. Focused programmes for improving levels of learning in Maths and Language in classes I to III.