C AUSES OF ENDANGERED ANIMALS ON E ARTH Výukový materiál EK Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan Smejkal Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/ Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

T HE CAUSES OF THE DETERIORATION OF THE E ARTH ' S ENVIRONMENT natural disasters - floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions etc. - ecosystem must cope with them over time human activity - logging in tropical areas, industrial accidents etc. - difficult to mitigate their consequences

GLOBAL CHARACTER C HANGES they affect vast areas the most significant threat to whole organisms and habitats

FOREIGN SUBSTANCES pesticides and other chemicals heavy metals found in Antarctica can get into the food web and can also damage our human health

T HE G REENHOUSE E FFECT it is probably the cause of warming the Earth's surface during the last 150 years, Earth's average temperature has increased by ° C increasing amounts of solid industrial waste products and oxides (mainly nitrogen and carbon) in air

SOIL AND WATER ACIDIFICATION products of combustion processes (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) are oxidized in the atmosphere to form acids, which fall to earth as acid rain - rain, snow, dew and frost desulphurisation transition to alternative sources of energy new technology more environmentally friendly

EUTROPHICATION OF WATER water pollution by substances that are nutrients for photosynthetic organisms there is an excessive amount of nitrates and phosphates in water - fertilizer run-off from fields

T HE OZONE HOLE The impairment of the ozone layer of our planet by some substances (eg. CFC) thin ozone layer leads to increased UV radiation - carcinogenic effects, mutagenic effects

OTHER CAUSES pollution, hunting or game trapping are not the only causes of disappearance of species for example. in the Czech Republic: the construction of water power stations - salmon, planting of coniferous forests - Stag Beetle

BIOINDICATORS species that are sensitive to changes in the environment are suitable for the so-called bioindication of the pollution the frequency of populations expresses the degree of biotope threat – for example pearl oyster indicates the pollution of water

W ORKSHEET - R EVISION How the foreign substances can get into the food webs? Explain the greenhouse effect. Why is ozone important for the protection of life on Earth? What is necessary for acid rain? What is eutrophication of water what is it caused by? Why kestrels are not suitable as bioindicators of the environment?

S OURCES BRANIŠ, Martin. Základy ekologie a ochrany životního prostředí. 2. vyd. Praha: Informatorium, ISBN PAPÁČEK, Miroslav a kol. Zoologie. Praha: pedagogické nakladatelství, 2000, ISBN KVASNIČKOVÁ, Danuše. Základy ekologie. Praha: Scientia,spol.s r.o., 1994, ISBN