 Kinetic energy allows the particles in each state (solid, liquid and gas) to move  Solids have little kinetic energy hence they have a fixed shaped as the particles vibrate around a fixed point  Liquids have more kinetic energy and are able to take the shape of the container  Gases have the most kinetic energy and move around freely unless it is compressed (soft drink)

 As temperature increases, kinetic energy increases, so the particles move faster and in all directions (randomly)  Likewise if temperature decreases the particles lose kinetic energy and move less

 Melting  Freezing  Vaporization, boiling and evaporation  Condensation/liquefaction  Sublimation

 This is the physical change from solid to liquid when there is an increase in temperature.  The particles gain more kinetic energy and expand due to greater movement  Melting of ice caps due to increased temperatures

 This is the physical change from liquid to solid when there is an decrease in temperature  The particles lose kinetic energy and move slower, hence solidifying  Making ice blocks

 Vaporization is usually the transition from solid or liquid state to the gas state with an increase in temperature.  Boiling, wherein the transition from liquid phase to gas phase takes place at or above the boiling temperature, and it occurs below the surface.  Evaporation, wherein the transition from liquid phase to gas phase takes place below the boiling temperature at a given pressure, and it occurs on the surface.

 Liquefaction is the change from the solid or gaseous state to liquid  Condensation is the change from a gas to a liquid  Usually occurs with a decrease in temperature  When the air comes into contact with the cold surface of the glass it condenses

 With a decrease in temperature the gas molecules lose kinetic energy and turn into the solid state.

Precipitation means water that falls to the ground from the clouds in solid or liquid form

 Temperature affects the state of matter of a substance.  An increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of particles which causes the particles to move apart and expand, occupying a larger area  An decease in temperature decreases the kinetic energy of particles which causes the particles to move less and contract, occupying in some cases a smaller area