The History of the Internet

1962 Paul Baran, of the RAND Corporation (a government agency), was commissioned by the U.S. Air Force to do a study on how it could maintain its command and control over its missiles and bombers, after a nuclear attack The physical network was constructed in 1969, linking the University of California at Los Angeles, SRI (in Stanford), University of California at Santa Barbara, and University of Utah.

1972 The first program was created by Ray Tomlinson of BBN allowing communications between hosts running on the same network Development began on the protocol later to be called TCP/IP, which allowed different computer networks to interconnect and communicate with each other.

1974 First Use of term Internet by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn in paper on Transmission Control Protocol Dr. Robert M. Metcalfe develops Ethernet, which allowed coaxial cable to move data extremely fast. This network linked the United States with Europe.

1979 USENET (the decentralized news group network) was created by Steve Bellovin, a graduate student at University of North Carolina, and programmers Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis On January 1st, every machine connected to ARPANET had to use TCP/IP. TCP/IP became the core Internet protocol and replaced NCP entirely. This made it much easier for people to access other servers, because they no longer had to remember numbers.

1984 Upgrade to CSNET was contracted to MCI. New circuits would be T1 lines,1.5 Mbps which is twenty-five times faster than the old 56 Kbps lines The National Science Foundation began deploying its new T1 lines, which would be finished by 1988.

1988 Soon after the completion of the T1 NSFNET backbone, traffic increased so quickly that plans immediately began on upgrading the network again CSNET (which consisted of 56Kbps lines) was discontinued having fulfilled its important early role in the provision of academic networking service.

1992 Internet Society is chartered. World-Wide Web released by CERN. NSFNET backbone upgraded to T3 (44.736Mbps) 1993 InterNIC created by NSF to provide specific Internet services: directory and database services (by AT&T), registration services (by Network Solutions Inc.), and information services (by General Atomics/CERFnet).

1994 No major changes were made to the physical network. Hundreds of thousands of new hosts were added to the INTERNET during this time period. Pizza Hut offers pizza ordering on its Web page. First Virtual, the first cyberbank, opens Currently the Internet Society, is trying to figure out new TCP/IP to be able to have billions of addresses, rather than the limited system of today. The problem that has arisen is that it is not known how both the old and the new addressing systems will be able to work at the same time during a transition period.

2004 Internet speed record broken. Researchers successfully sent data using a 10Gigabit Ethernet link between the University of Tokyo and the CERN research center in Geneva, Switzerland. The T110 delivered sustained 7.57… that's enough speed to transfer a full-length DVD anywhere in the world in less than five seconds During 2005 it's estimated that the one- billionth user went online. Netcraft survey reports there are more than 74 million web sites online, while in 1993 only 130 web sites existed online.

2006 German and Japanese scientists collaborated to shatter the world record for data transmission speed. By transmitting a data signal at 2.56 terabits per second over a 160-kilometer link (equivalent to 2,560,000,000,000 bits per second or the contents of 60 DVDs) the researchers bettered the old record of 1.28 terabits per second held by a Japanese group. By comparison, the fastest high-speed links currently carry data at a maximum 40 Gbit/s, or around 50 times slower.

Sources The History of the Internet - By Dave Kristula The History of the Internet - By Dave Kristula A Computer Geek's History of the Internet A Computer Geek's History of the Internet Internet Applications and Aolutions Internet Applications and Aolutions Internet Society Internet Society History of the Internet History of the Internet

The Math Forum at Drexel The Math Forum at Drexel Teacher.net Teacher.net The Endless Faculty Meeting The Endless Faculty Meeting Welcome to the POWER LIBRARY Welcome to the POWER LIBRARY

ListservesListserves… Listserves The listserv I chose is the chatboard on Teachers.net. The list serve also offers, classifieds, lessons, jobs, mailrings, projects, live chats and advertising, all directed towards teachers.Teachers.net The forums have a wide variety of topics dealing with language, subject area, grade levels, etc.

How I will use this Listserv… 1. To get ideas for lesson planning 2. To contact other special ed. teachers regarding goal writing 3. To seek the advice of more experienced “mentor” teachers 4. Simply to have another perspective on teaching!

Blogs… The blog I choose is The Endless Faculty Room. This blog offers, “A place for educators to discuss issues, offer ideas, thoughts, and opinions; share resources, lesson plans, best practices, and occasionally let off steam.” It also encourages a good time and constructive comments and suggestions. Endless Faculty Room Endless Faculty Room

How I will use this Blog… 1. Reduce stress by venting a little steam 2. Listen to other educators that are having some of the same problems as me 3. Realize that the same problems are shared by others 4. Personal enjoyment!

POWER Library… The POWER Library is offered as a service of Pennsylvania's public libraries, school libraries and the State Library. The POWER Library is offered as a service of Pennsylvania's public libraries, school libraries and the State Library. The POWER library allows you to access thousands of full text periodical articles, newspapers, a major encyclopedia, plus photographs, pictures, charts, maps, reference materials for young people and more. You will find materials of interest in most subject areas for all age groups from young children to adults. The POWER library allows you to access thousands of full text periodical articles, newspapers, a major encyclopedia, plus photographs, pictures, charts, maps, reference materials for young people and more. You will find materials of interest in most subject areas for all age groups from young children to adults.

How I will use POWER Library… I will use the POWER Library to assist students in locating materials for their Junior and Senior Projects. The site offers online reference materials that can be accessed online. Also, students can have access to books and other reference materials from schools and libraries across Pennsylvania. The online encyclopedias are particularly nice to have access to right in the classroom!

Newsgroups… The newsgroup that I chose to use is The Math Forum at Drexel. This newsgroup is composed of teachers, mathematicians, researchers, students, and parents using the power of the Web to learn math and improve math education.The Math Forum at Drexel. They offer offer a wealth of problems and puzzles; online mentoring; research; team problem solving; collaborations; and professional development. Students have fun and learn a lot. Educators share ideas and acquire new skills.

How I will use this newsgroup… 1. Problems of the Day that can be used for students at a variety of grade levels 2. Online help with math problems 3. Share ideas with other educators 4. Share lesson planning ideas 5. Find links to other resources